vorto

Esperanto

Etymology

    Borrowed from English word, German Wort (“word”) and Yiddish וואָרט (vort).[1][2][3] First attested in 1887.[4]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈvorto/
    • Audio 1:(file)
    • Audio 2:(file)
    • Audio 3:(file)
    • Audio 4:(file)
    • Rhymes: -orto
    • Syllabification: vor‧to

    Noun

    vorto (accusative singular vorton, plural vortoj, accusative plural vortojn)

    2. (semantics) word (a small group of letters or sounds that can express meaning by itself)
      Synonym: termino
      Hyponyms: adjektivo (“adjective”), adverbo (“adverb”), substantivo (“noun”), verbo (“verb”)
      Holonym: vortaro (“dicitonary”)
      • 1910, L. L. Zamenhof, Proverbaro Esperanta‎[1]:
        Por virta orelo ne danĝeras vorto malbela.
        To a virtuous ear, an ugly word holds no danger.
      • 2025 September 29, Jorge Nogueras, “La plej mallonga tago”, in uea.facila‎[2], archived from the original on 12 December 2025:
        Ne estas spaco en mikronovelo por senutilaj vortoj.
        There is not space in a micro-novelette for useless words.
    4. promise, word (a verbal commitment)
      • 1910, L. L. Zamenhof, Proverbaro Esperanta‎[3]:
        Estu sinjoro de via vorto.
        Be a man of your word.
    6. (computing) word

    Derived terms

    adjectives
    adverbs
    nouns
    verbs

    References

    1. ^ Vilborg (1989), vol. 5, page 128: “vorto”
    2. ^ Cherpillod (2003), “vorto”
    3. ^ Rajki (2006), “vorto”
    4. ^ Neves & Pabst (2022), page 907: “vort/”
    Sense 1
    • PIV (2020), line 1: “vorto”
    • RV (1997), line 1: “vorto”
    • Grosjean (1980), page 509, line 1: “vorto”
    • Bein (1922), page 174: “vorto”
    • Wells (1992), page 416: “word”
    • Benson (1995), page 585: “word”
    • Butler (1967), page 440, line 1: “vort-o”
    • Millidge (1913), page 478: “vort-o”
    • Motteau (1907), page 167: “vort-o”
    • Denisowski (2011), “vorto”
    Sense 2
    • PIV (2020), line 5: “vorto”
    • RV (1997), line 2: “vorto”
    • Grosjean (1980), page 509, line 4: “vorto”
    • Butler (1967), page 440, line 3: “vort-o”
    Sense 3
    • PIV (2020), line 6: “vorto”
    • RV (1997), line 3: “vorto”

    Further reading

    Grammatical texts
    Monolingual dictionaries
    • PIV (2020), “vorto”
    • RV (1997), “vorto”
    • Grosjean (1980), page 509: “vorto”
    • Eichholz (1988), page 448, line 8: “vorto”
    • Benson (1932), page 534: “vort-o”
    Multilingual dictionaries

    Ido

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Esperanto vorto, English word, German Wort, from Proto-Germanic *wurdą, from Proto-Indo-European *werdʰo-.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈvɔr.to/
    • Hyphenation: vor‧to

    Noun

    vorto (plural vorti)

    1. word

    Derived terms

    • pasovorto (“password”)
    • vortala (“verbal”)
    • vortale (“verbally”)
    • vortaro (“collection of words; vocabulary”)
    • vortifar (“to build words”)
    • vortifo (“word building”)
    • vortolibro (“dictionary, wordbook”)
    • vortoludo (“word play, play on words”)
    • vortopa (“verbatim, word for word, literal (translation)”)
    • vortope (“verbatim, word for word, literal (translation)”)

    Further reading

    • vort-o in Ido-English Dictionary by L.H. Dyer, 1924

    Latin

    Etymology

      From Proto-Italic *wertō, from Proto-Indo-European *wert-

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      vortō (present infinitive vortere, perfect active vortī, supine vorsum); third conjugation

      1. alternative form of vertō
        • c. 186 BCE, Plautus, Aulularia 2.2.40–42:
          Quoniam tu me et ego te qualis sis scio, quae res recte vortat mihique tibique tuaeque filiae, filiam tuam mi uxorem posco. promitte hoc fore.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      Conjugation

         Conjugation of vortō (third conjugation)
      indicative singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present vortō vortis vortit vortimus vortitis vortunt
      imperfect vortēbam vortēbās vortēbat vortēbāmus vortēbātis vortēbant
      future vortam vortēs vortet vortēmus vortētis vortent
      perfect vortī vortistī vortit vortimus vortistis vortērunt,
      vortēre
      pluperfect vorteram vorterās vorterat vorterāmus vorterātis vorterant
      future perfect vorterō vorteris vorterit vorterimus vorteritis vorterint
      passive present vortor vorteris,
      vortere       		vortitur vortimur vortiminī vortuntur
      imperfect vortēbar vortēbāris,
      vortēbāre       		vortēbātur vortēbāmur vortēbāminī vortēbantur
      future vortar vortēris,
      vortēre       		vortētur vortēmur vortēminī vortentur
      perfect vorsus + present active indicative of sum
      pluperfect vorsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
      future perfect vorsus + future active indicative of sum
      subjunctive singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present vortam vortās vortat vortāmus vortātis vortant
      imperfect vorterem vorterēs vorteret vorterēmus vorterētis vorterent
      perfect vorterim vorterīs vorterit vorterīmus vorterītis vorterint
      pluperfect vortissem vortissēs vortisset vortissēmus vortissētis vortissent
      passive present vortar vortāris,
      vortāre       		vortātur vortāmur vortāminī vortantur
      imperfect vorterer vorterēris,
      vorterēre       		vorterētur vorterēmur vorterēminī vorterentur
      perfect vorsus + present active subjunctive of sum
      pluperfect vorsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
      imperative singular plural
      first second third first second third
      active present — vorte — — vortite —
      future — vortitō vortitō — vortitōte vortuntō
      passive present — vortere — — vortiminī —
      future — vortitor vortitor — — vortuntor
      non-finite forms infinitive participle
      active passive active passive
      present vortere vortī vortēns —
      future vorsūrum esse vorsum īrī vorsūrus vortendus,
      vortundus
      perfect vortisse vorsum esse — vorsus
      future perfect — vorsum fore — —
      perfect potential vorsūrum fuisse — — —
      verbal nouns gerund supine
      genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
      vortendī vortendō vortendum vortendō vorsum vorsū

      References

      • vorto in Georges, Karl Ernst; Georges, Heinrich (1913–1918), Ausführliches lateinisch-deutsches Handwörterbuch, 8th edition, volume 2, Hahnsche Buchhandlung
      • De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 667
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