Swahili
Verb
-songana (infinitive kusongana)
- Reciprocal form of -songa
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -songana
|
| Positive present
|
-nasongana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-songane
|
| Negative
|
-songani
|
| Imperative singular
|
songana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
songana
|
| Plural
|
songaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
husongana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lisongana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kusongana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nasongana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninasongana/nasongana
|
tunasongana
|
| 2nd person
|
unasongana
|
mnasongana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anasongana
|
wanasongana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nasongana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -songani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sisongani
|
hatusongani
|
| 2nd person
|
husongani
|
hamsongani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hasongani
|
hawasongani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -songani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tasongana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tasongana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -songane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nisongane
|
tusongane
|
| 2nd person
|
usongane
|
msongane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asongane
|
wasongane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -songane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sisongane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngesongana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singesongana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalisongana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalisongana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -asongana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nasongana
|
twasongana
|
| 2nd person
|
wasongana
|
mwasongana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
asongana
|
wasongana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wasongana
|
yasongana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lasongana
|
yasongana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chasongana
|
vyasongana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yasongana
|
zasongana
|
| u(XI)
|
wasongana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwasongana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pasongana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwasongana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mesongana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshasongana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jasongana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kisongana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siposongana
|
| Consecutive
|
kasongana / positive subject concord + -kasongana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kasongane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -songana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-songanaye
|
-songanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-songanao
|
-songanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-songanalo
|
-songanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-songanacho
|
-songanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-songanayo
|
-songanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-songanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-songanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-songanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-songanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -songana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yesongana
|
-osongana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-osongana
|
-yosongana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-losongana
|
-yosongana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chosongana
|
-vyosongana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yosongana
|
-zosongana
|
| u(XI)
|
-osongana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosongana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-posongana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mosongana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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