Swahili
Verb
-rushana (infinitive kurushana)
- Reciprocal form of -rusha
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -rushana
|
| Positive present
|
-narushana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-rushane
|
| Negative
|
-rushani
|
| Imperative singular
|
rushana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
rushana
|
| Plural
|
rushaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hurushana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -lirushana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kurushana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -narushana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninarushana/narushana
|
tunarushana
|
| 2nd person
|
unarushana
|
mnarushana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anarushana
|
wanarushana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -narushana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -rushani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sirushani
|
haturushani
|
| 2nd person
|
hurushani
|
hamrushani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
harushani
|
hawarushani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -rushani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -tarushana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -tarushana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -rushane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nirushane
|
turushane
|
| 2nd person
|
urushane
|
mrushane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
arushane
|
warushane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -rushane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sirushane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngerushana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singerushana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalirushana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalirushana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -arushana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
narushana
|
twarushana
|
| 2nd person
|
warushana
|
mwarushana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
arushana
|
warushana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
warushana
|
yarushana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
larushana
|
yarushana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
charushana
|
vyarushana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yarushana
|
zarushana
|
| u(XI)
|
warushana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwarushana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
parushana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwarushana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -merushana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -mesharushana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jarushana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kirushana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -siporushana
|
| Consecutive
|
karushana / positive subject concord + -karushana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -karushane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -rushana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-rushanaye
|
-rushanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-rushanao
|
-rushanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-rushanalo
|
-rushanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-rushanacho
|
-rushanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-rushanayo
|
-rushanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-rushanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-rushanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-rushanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-rushanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -rushana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yerushana
|
-orushana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-orushana
|
-yorushana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lorushana
|
-yorushana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chorushana
|
-vyorushana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yorushana
|
-zorushana
|
| u(XI)
|
-orushana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-korushana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-porushana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-morushana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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