prąd

See also: prad and Prad

Kashubian

Etymology

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *prǫdъ. By surface analysis, deverbal from przesc.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈprɔ̃t/
    • Rhymes: -ɔ̃t
    • Syllabification: prąd

    Noun

    prąd m inan

    1. current (flow of electricity)
      Synonym: sztróm
    2. power (electricity powering some building or place)
      Synonym: sztróm
    3. current (part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction)

    Declension

    Declension of prąd
    singular plural
    nominative prąd prądë
    genitive prądu prądów
    dative prądowi prądóm
    accusative prąd prądë
    instrumental prądã prądama
    locative prądze prądach
    vocative prąd/prądze prądë

    Further reading

    • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “prąd”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[2]
    • prąd”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

    Old Polish

    Etymology

      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *prǫdъ. First attested in the 15th century. By surface analysis, deverbal from prząść.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /prɑ̃t/
      • IPA(key): (15th CE) /prɑ̃t/

      Noun

      prąd m inan

      1. stream, creek (small natural flow of water)

      Derived terms

      adjectives
      adverbs

      Descendants

      • Polish: prąd
      • Silesian: prōnd

      References

      • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “prąd”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
      • Mańczak, Witold (2017), “prąd”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
      • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “prąd 1”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
      • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “prąd”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

      Polish

      Etymology

        Inherited from Old Polish prąd. By surface analysis, deverbal from prząść.

        Pronunciation

         
        • IPA(key): /ˈprɔnt/
        • Audio:(file)
        • Rhymes: -ɔnt
        • Syllabification: prąd

        Noun

        prąd m inan

        1. current (flow of electricity)
        2. power (electricity powering some building or place)
          Synonyms: elektryczność, elektryka, energia, światło
        3. current (part of a fluid that moves continuously in a certain direction)
          Synonym: nurt
          1. (in the plural, Podhale) stream (fast-flowing water in rocky mountain streams)
            Cemuś mnie, matusia, na wodę nie cisła, ka náwiękse prędy?
            Why, mother, didn't you push me into the water where the currents were strongest?
        4. (figuratively) current, flow, stream (large number of people or vehicles filling a road and moving in one direction)
        5. current (flow of water and gas in the air affecting the atmosphere)
        6. trend, movement
          Synonyms: kierunek, tendencja, trend
          prąd literackiliterary movement
        7. (engineering) flow (artificial stream of liquid)
        8. (Near Masovian, Łuków) snag (tree sunk in a river bed that is dangerous for those traveling by raft or boat)
          Synonym: wilk

        Declension

        Derived terms

        adjectives
        adverbs
        nouns
        adjectives

        Trivia

        According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), prąd is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 62 times in scientific texts, 3 times in news, 3 times in essays, 4 times in fiction, and 5 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 77 times, making it the 840th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

        References

        1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “prąd”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 432

        Further reading