polis

See also: Appendix:Variations of "polis"

English

Pronunciation

  • enPR: pŏʹlĭs, IPA(key): /ˈpɒ.lɪs/
  • enPR: pōʹlĭs, IPA(key): /ˈpoʊ.lɪs/
  • Rhymes: -ɒlɪs

Etymology 1

    Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, fortified town; city state).

    Noun

    polis (plural poleis or polises)

    1. (historical) A Greek city-state.
      • 2006, Karen Armstrong, The Great Transformation, Atlantic Books 2007, page 161:
        By the end of the century, poleis had been established throughout the Hellenic world, all bearing a marked family resemblance.
    Translations

    Etymology 2

      Borrowed from Scots polis. Doublet of police, policy, and polity.

      Alternative forms

      Noun

      polis (countable and uncountable, plural polises)

      1. (uncountable, Scotland, Ireland, Geordie) The police.
        • 1994 [1993], Irvine Welsh, Trainspotting, London: Minerva, →ISBN, page 328:
          Even in his Ma's womb, you would have had to define Spud less as a foetus, more as a set of dormant drug and personality problems. He'd probably draw the polis onto them through knocking a saltcellar out of the Little Chef.
      2. (countable, Scotland, Ireland, Geordie) A police officer.

      Further reading

      Anagrams

      Azerbaijani

      Other scripts
      Cyrillic полис
      Arabic پولیس

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): [poˈlis]
      • Audio:(file)
      • Hyphenation: pol‧is

      Noun

      polis (definite accusative polisi, plural polislər)

      1. police (an organisation that enforces the law)
        polis idarəsipolice department
        polis şöbəsipolice station, police district
        polis əməkdaşıpolice employee
      2. police (member of the police force)

      Declension

      Declension of polis
      singular plural
      nominative polispolislər
      definite accusative polisipolisləri
      dative polisəpolislərə
      locative polisdəpolislərdə
      ablative polisdənpolislərdən
      definite genitive polisinpolislərin
      Possessive forms of polis
      nominative
      singular plural
      mənim (my) polisim polislərim
      sənin (your) polisin polislərin
      onun (his/her/its) polisi polisləri
      bizim (our) polisimiz polislərimiz
      sizin (your) polisiniz polisləriniz
      onların (their) polisi or polisləri polisləri
      accusative
      singular plural
      mənim (my) polisimi polislərimi
      sənin (your) polisini polislərini
      onun (his/her/its) polisini polislərini
      bizim (our) polisimizi polislərimizi
      sizin (your) polisinizi polislərinizi
      onların (their) polisini or polislərini polislərini
      dative
      singular plural
      mənim (my) polisimə polislərimə
      sənin (your) polisinə polislərinə
      onun (his/her/its) polisinə polislərinə
      bizim (our) polisimizə polislərimizə
      sizin (your) polisinizə polislərinizə
      onların (their) polisinə or polislərinə polislərinə
      locative
      singular plural
      mənim (my) polisimdə polislərimdə
      sənin (your) polisində polislərində
      onun (his/her/its) polisində polislərində
      bizim (our) polisimizdə polislərimizdə
      sizin (your) polisinizdə polislərinizdə
      onların (their) polisində or polislərində polislərində
      ablative
      singular plural
      mənim (my) polisimdən polislərimdən
      sənin (your) polisindən polislərindən
      onun (his/her/its) polisindən polislərindən
      bizim (our) polisimizdən polislərimizdən
      sizin (your) polisinizdən polislərinizdən
      onların (their) polisindən or polislərindən polislərindən
      genitive
      singular plural
      mənim (my) polisimin polislərimin
      sənin (your) polisinin polislərinin
      onun (his/her/its) polisinin polislərinin
      bizim (our) polisimizin polislərimizin
      sizin (your) polisinizin polislərinizin
      onların (their) polisinin or polislərinin polislərinin

      Breton

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈpoː.lis/

      Noun

      polis m (plural polisoù)

      1. police

      Noun

      polis m (plural polised)

      1. police officer

      Cebuano

      Etymology

      Borrowed from English police.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /poˈlis/ [poˈl̪is̪]
      • Hyphenation: po‧lis

      Noun

      polís (Badlit spelling ᜉᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔)

      1. a police officer; a cop
      2. a civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order

      Czech

      Etymology

      International learned borrowing Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, fortified town; city state).

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): [ˈpolɪs]

      Noun

      polis f (indeclinable)

      1. polis (ancient Greek city-state)

      Further reading

      Dutch

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈpoː.lɪs/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Hyphenation: po‧lis

      Etymology 1

      From French police (from Italian polizza, q.v.).

      Noun

      polis f (plural polissen, diminutive polisje n)

      1. insurance policy
      2. insurance plan
      Derived terms
      Descendants
      • Indonesian: polis

      Etymology 2

      International learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis) since the 1970s (probably via English polis).

      Noun

      polis f (plural poleis, no diminutive)

      1. (historical) a polis; an ancient, especially Ancient Greek, city state or city

      Finnish

      Etymology

      Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, fortified town; city state).

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈpolis/, [ˈpo̞lis̠]
      • Rhymes: -olis
      • Syllabification(key): po‧lis
      • Hyphenation(key): po‧lis

      Noun

      polis

      1. (historical) polis; Greek city-state
        Hypernym: kaupunkivaltio (city-state)
        • 2011, Paavo Castrén, Uusi antiikin historia, Otava, page 117:
          Kreikkalainen polis tuli sekä etruski- että latinalaisten yhteisöjen esikuvaksi – –.
          The Greek polis came to be a role model for Estruscan and Latin communities alike – –

      Declension

      Inflection of polis (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
      nominative polis polikset
      genitive poliksen polisten
      poliksien
      partitive polista poliksia
      illative polikseen poliksiin
      singular plural
      nominative polis polikset
      accusative nom. polis polikset
      gen. poliksen
      genitive poliksen polisten
      poliksien
      partitive polista poliksia
      inessive poliksessa poliksissa
      elative poliksesta poliksista
      illative polikseen poliksiin
      adessive poliksella poliksilla
      ablative polikselta poliksilta
      allative polikselle poliksille
      essive poliksena poliksina
      translative polikseksi poliksiksi
      abessive poliksetta poliksitta
      instructive poliksin
      comitative See the possessive forms below.
      Possessive forms of polis (Kotus type 39/vastaus, no gradation)
      first-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative polikseni polikseni
      accusative nom. polikseni polikseni
      gen. polikseni
      genitive polikseni polisteni
      poliksieni
      partitive polistani poliksiani
      inessive poliksessani poliksissani
      elative poliksestani poliksistani
      illative polikseeni poliksiini
      adessive poliksellani poliksillani
      ablative polikseltani poliksiltani
      allative polikselleni poliksilleni
      essive poliksenani poliksinani
      translative poliksekseni poliksikseni
      abessive poliksettani poliksittani
      instructive
      comitative poliksineni
      second-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative poliksesi poliksesi
      accusative nom. poliksesi poliksesi
      gen. poliksesi
      genitive poliksesi polistesi
      poliksiesi
      partitive polistasi poliksiasi
      inessive poliksessasi poliksissasi
      elative poliksestasi poliksistasi
      illative polikseesi poliksiisi
      adessive poliksellasi poliksillasi
      ablative polikseltasi poliksiltasi
      allative poliksellesi poliksillesi
      essive poliksenasi poliksinasi
      translative polikseksesi poliksiksesi
      abessive poliksettasi poliksittasi
      instructive
      comitative poliksinesi
      first-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative poliksemme poliksemme
      accusative nom. poliksemme poliksemme
      gen. poliksemme
      genitive poliksemme polistemme
      poliksiemme
      partitive polistamme poliksiamme
      inessive poliksessamme poliksissamme
      elative poliksestamme poliksistamme
      illative polikseemme poliksiimme
      adessive poliksellamme poliksillamme
      ablative polikseltamme poliksiltamme
      allative poliksellemme poliksillemme
      essive poliksenamme poliksinamme
      translative polikseksemme poliksiksemme
      abessive poliksettamme poliksittamme
      instructive
      comitative poliksinemme
      second-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative poliksenne poliksenne
      accusative nom. poliksenne poliksenne
      gen. poliksenne
      genitive poliksenne polistenne
      poliksienne
      partitive polistanne poliksianne
      inessive poliksessanne poliksissanne
      elative poliksestanne poliksistanne
      illative polikseenne poliksiinne
      adessive poliksellanne poliksillanne
      ablative polikseltanne poliksiltanne
      allative poliksellenne poliksillenne
      essive poliksenanne poliksinanne
      translative polikseksenne poliksiksenne
      abessive poliksettanne poliksittanne
      instructive
      comitative poliksinenne
      third-person possessor
      singular plural
      nominative poliksensa poliksensa
      accusative nom. poliksensa poliksensa
      gen. poliksensa
      genitive poliksensa polistensa
      poliksiensa
      partitive polistaan
      polistansa
      poliksiaan
      poliksiansa
      inessive poliksessaan
      poliksessansa
      poliksissaan
      poliksissansa
      elative poliksestaan
      poliksestansa
      poliksistaan
      poliksistansa
      illative polikseensa poliksiinsa
      adessive poliksellaan
      poliksellansa
      poliksillaan
      poliksillansa
      ablative polikseltaan
      polikseltansa
      poliksiltaan
      poliksiltansa
      allative polikselleen
      poliksellensa
      poliksilleen
      poliksillensa
      essive poliksenaan
      poliksenansa
      poliksinaan
      poliksinansa
      translative poliksekseen
      polikseksensa
      poliksikseen
      poliksiksensa
      abessive poliksettaan
      poliksettansa
      poliksittaan
      poliksittansa
      instructive
      comitative poliksineen
      poliksinensa

      French

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      polis

      1. inflection of polir:
        1. first/second-person singular present indicative
        2. first/second-person singular past historic
        3. second-person singular imperative

      Participle

      polis m pl

      1. masculine plural of poli

      Adjective

      polis

      1. masculine plural of poli

      Anagrams

      Haitian Creole

      Etymology

      From French police.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /polis/
      • Audio:(file)

      Noun

      polis

      1. police officer

      Indonesian

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

      From Dutch polis (insurance policy), from French police (policy), from Italian polizza, from Ancient Greek ἀπόδειξις (apódeixis, proof). Compare to Malay polisi (policy).

      Noun

      polis (plural polis-polis)

      1. insurance policy
      Derived terms
      • berpolis
      Derived terms
      • polis angsuran
      • polis anuitas
      • polis asuransi
      • polis asuransi jiwa permanen
      • polis bernilai
      • polis kombinasi
      • polis kumpulan
      • polis lunas
      • polis pajak warisan
      • polis par
      • polis penyertaan
      • polis perjalanan
      • polis proteksi ganda
      • polis risiko tinggi
      • polis terbatas
      • polis terbayar penuh
      • polis terbuka

      Etymology 2

      Noun

      polis (plural polis-polis)

      1. nonstandard form of poles

      Usage notes

      Further reading

      Latin

      Noun

      polīs

      1. dative/ablative plural of polus

      References

      • "polis", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
      • polis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
      • polis”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray
      • polis”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

      Latvian

      Etymology

      Ultimately from Polish polak, Russian поля́к (polják) (under the influence of Old High German pōl — cf. German, English Pole — and perhaps also of Latvian dialectal bolis, polis (ox without horns)), itself derived from Polish pole (field), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *pel- (light (color), gray).[1]

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): [pūōlis]

      Noun

      polis m (2nd declension, female equivalent poliete)

      1. a Pole, a Polish man, a man born in Poland
        pēc Livonijas kara poļi ieguva Vidzemi un Latgaliafter the Livonian War the Poles obtained Vidzeme and Latgale
      2. (genitive plural) Polish; pertaining to Poland and its people
        poļu valodathe Polish language
        poļu mākslaPolish art

      Declension

      Declension of polis (2nd)
      singular
      (vienskaitlis)
      plural
      (daudzskaitlis)
      nominative polis poļi
      genitive poļa poļu
      dative polim poļiem
      accusative poli poļus
      instrumental poli poļiem
      locative polī poļos
      vocative poli poļi

      References

      1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “polis”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary]‎[1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

      Malay

      Pronunciation

      Etymology 1

      Borrowed from English police, from Middle French police, from Latin politia (state, government), from Ancient Greek πολιτεία (politeía).

      Noun

      polis (Jawi spelling ڤوليس, plural polis-polis or polis2)

      1. (Malaysia, Singapore, Riau) The police, a civil force granted the legal authority for law enforcement and maintaining public order.
        Synonyms: serdadu (Southern Thailand), polisi (Indonesia)
      2. (Malaysia, Singapore, Riau) A police officer.
        Synonyms: anggota polis, mata-mata, serdadu (Southern Thailand), polisi (Indonesia)
      Usage notes
      Derived terms
      • abang polis (slang, endearing term for a friendly police officer)
      • anggota polis (police officer)
      • balai polis (police station)
      • kereta polis (police car)
      • polis hutan (forest ranger)
      • polis lalu lintas / polis trafik (traffic police)
      • polis marin
      • polis pencegah rusuhan
      • polis rahsia (secret police)
      • polis simpanan
      • polis tentera (military police)

      Etymology 2

      Noun

      polis (plural polis-polis or polis2)

      1. (Indonesia) alternative spelling of polisi (policy); see Indonesian polis (policy)

      Further reading

      • "polis" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017
      • Kamus Bahasa Indonesia-Melayu Riau, Jakarta, Indonesia: Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa, Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia, 1997, →ISBN, page 308

      Papiamentu

      Etymology

      From Spanish policía and Portuguese polícia and Dutch politie.

      Noun

      polis

      1. police
      2. policeman

      Pijin

      Noun

      polis

      1. police
      2. willy wagtail

      Portuguese

      Verb

      polis

      1. second-person plural present indicative of polir

      Réunion Creole French

      Etymology

      From French police.

      Noun

      polis f

      1. police

      Romanian

      Etymology

      Borrowed from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis).

      Noun

      polis n (plural polisuri)

      1. polis

      Declension

      singular plural
      indefinite definite indefinite definite
      nominative-accusative polis polisul polisuri polisurile
      genitive-dative polis polisului polisuri polisurilor
      vocative polisule polisurilor

      Scots

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈpolɪs/

      Etymology 1

      From the French police.

      Noun

      polis (countable and uncountable, plural polises)

      1. (uncountable) police
        • 1987, Robbie Kydd, ...Auld Zimmery, Mariscat Press 1987:
          'Listen then. Yer name's Andy MacPhail. That's whit us three has jist tellt the polis in wir statements. Okay?'
        • 1991, Dr James Begg, Dipper: 20 - Cops and Robbers, Luath Press:
          ‘Aye, Andra,' cam back the reply. 'We micht as weel caa it a day doun here. The hale bluidy place is hotchin wi polis! Come doun an get us at the Auld Raw.'
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 2007, Sheena Blackhall, The Quarry, Lochlands:
          Brian hid contactit his granfaither, Pat, tae see gin the polis computers could raik up onythin ava tae makk eese o in persuadin Bappy Anderson tae pairt wi a kidney.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)
        • 2013, Pedro Lenz, translated by Donal McLaughlin, Naw Much of a Talker, Freight Books, page 51:
          Coont yirsel lucky ahm naw cawin the polis. Noo fuck off.
          (please add an English translation of this quotation)

      Etymology 2

      (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

      Adjective

      polis

      1. Polish

      Verb

      polis

      1. polish
      2. adorn, beautify

      References

      Spanish

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈpolis/ [ˈpo.lis]
      • Rhymes: -olis
      • Syllabification: po‧lis

      Etymology 1

      Noun

      polis m pl or f pl

      1. plural of poli

      Etymology 2

      Borrowed from Ancient Greek πόλις (pólis, city-state).

      Noun

      polis f pl (plural only)

      1. polis

      Further reading

      Swedish

      Pronunciation

      • Audio:(file)

      Noun

      polis c

      1. (often in the definite "polisen") police (organization that enforces the law)
      2. a police officer
        Synonyms: polisman, (dated, now polisassistent) konstapel (constable)

      Declension

      Synonyms

      colloquial or slang; sense “police forces”
      colloquial or slang; sense “police officer”

      Hypernyms

      Hyponyms

      Derived terms

      References

      Further reading

      Tagalog

      Pronunciation

      • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /poˈlis/ [poˈlɪs]
      • Rhymes: -is
      • Syllabification: po‧lis

      Noun

      polís (Baybayin spelling ᜉᜓᜎᜒᜐ᜔) (dated)

      1. alternative form of pulis

      Further reading

      • English, Leo James (1987), Tagalog-English dictionary, Manila, Philippines: National Book Store, →ISBN, page 1060

      Tok Pisin

      Etymology 1

      From English police.

      Noun

      polis

      1. police

      Etymology 2

      From English polish.

      Noun

      polis

      1. polish

      Turkish

      Etymology

      From Ottoman Turkish پولیس (polis), from French police.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /poˈlis/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Hyphenation: po‧lis

      Noun

      polis (definite accusative polisi, plural polisler)

      1. (collectively) police (an organisation that enforces the law)
      2. (specifically) police officer
        Synonyms: aynasız, polis memuru

      Usage notes

      Declension

      Declension of polis
      singular plural
      nominative polis polisler
      definite accusative polisi polisleri
      dative polise polislere
      locative poliste polislerde
      ablative polisten polislerden
      genitive polisin polislerin
      Possessive forms
      nominative
      singular plural
      1st singular polisim polislerim
      2nd singular polisin polislerin
      3rd singular polisi polisleri
      1st plural polisimiz polislerimiz
      2nd plural polisiniz polisleriniz
      3rd plural polisleri polisleri
      definite accusative
      singular plural
      1st singular polisimi polislerimi
      2nd singular polisini polislerini
      3rd singular polisini polislerini
      1st plural polisimizi polislerimizi
      2nd plural polisinizi polislerinizi
      3rd plural polislerini polislerini
      dative
      singular plural
      1st singular polisime polislerime
      2nd singular polisine polislerine
      3rd singular polisine polislerine
      1st plural polisimize polislerimize
      2nd plural polisinize polislerinize
      3rd plural polislerine polislerine
      locative
      singular plural
      1st singular polisimde polislerimde
      2nd singular polisinde polislerinde
      3rd singular polisinde polislerinde
      1st plural polisimizde polislerimizde
      2nd plural polisinizde polislerinizde
      3rd plural polislerinde polislerinde
      ablative
      singular plural
      1st singular polisimden polislerimden
      2nd singular polisinden polislerinden
      3rd singular polisinden polislerinden
      1st plural polisimizden polislerimizden
      2nd plural polisinizden polislerinizden
      3rd plural polislerinden polislerinden
      genitive
      singular plural
      1st singular polisimin polislerimin
      2nd singular polisinin polislerinin
      3rd singular polisinin polislerinin
      1st plural polisimizin polislerimizin
      2nd plural polisinizin polislerinizin
      3rd plural polislerinin polislerinin
      Predicative forms
      singular plural
      1st singular polisim polislerim
      2nd singular polissin polislersin
      3rd singular polis
      polistir
      polisler
      polislerdir
      1st plural polisiz polisleriz
      2nd plural polissiniz polislersiniz
      3rd plural polisler polislerdir