petyma

Old Tupi

Alternative forms

Historical spellings 
Anchieta (1555) pitima
Staden (1557) Bittin
VLB (1622) petigma
Marcgrave (1648) petima

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Tupian *pe
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *tɨm
Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pe-tɨm
Old Tupi petyma

    Inherited from Proto-Tupi-Guarani *pe-tɨm. Cognate with Paraguayan Guarani petỹ.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [peˈtɨ̃.ma]
    • Rhymes: -ɨ̃ma
    • Hyphenation: pe‧ty‧ma

    Noun

    petyma (possessable)

    1. tobacco (any plant in the genus Nicotiana)[1][2][3][4][5]
      • 1557, Hans Staden, chapter XXIII, in Warhaftige Hiſtoria [True History], volume 2 (overall work in German), Marburg: Andreas Kolbe, unnumbered page:
        Wann ſie dann alle bei eynander ſein ſo nimpt er dan eyn yedern Tammaraka ſunderlich / vnd bereuchert es mit kraude / welchs ſie Bittin nennen.
        (please add an English translation of this quotation)
      • c. 1585, Joseph of Anchieta, “[Na Aldeia de Guaraparim] [In the Village of Guaraparim]” (chapter LXIV), in [livrinho de variaſ poeziaſ] [Booklet of various poems], Guarapari, page 150v, column 2, lines 258–259; republished as Maria de Lourdes de Paula Martins, compiler, Poesias, São Paulo, 1956, page 285:
        Ererupe de pitima / Cobe, xeratate ogue
        [Ererupe nde petyma[?] / Kó bé, xe ratáte ogûé]
        “Did you bring your tobacco?” / “Here. But my fire went out.”
      • 1648, Georg Marcgrave, Willem Piso, Historia Naturalis Brasiliae [Brazilian Natural History], Rerum Naturalium Historiae, book VIII, chapter VIII (in Latin), Amsterdam: Elzevir, page 274:
        […] Petimaoba.
        [ […] Petymoba.]
        Tobacco leaf.
      • c. 1757, anonymous author, “Pó [Powder]”, in [Vocabulario Portuguez–Brasilico] [Brazilian-Portuguese Vocabulary] (overall work in Portuguese); republished as Ernesto Ferreira França, compiler, Chrestomathia da lingua brazilica [Chrestomathy of the Brazilian language], Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, 1859, page 106:
        […] pytuma cüí […]
        [ […] pytuma-ku'i […] ]
        Tobacco powder.
    2. (by extension) cigar smoke[6]
      Synonym: petymamanimbyra

    Derived terms

    • petymamanimbyra
    • petymbu
    • petymbûaba
    • Petymuku

    Descendants

    • Nheengatu: pitima
    • → Brazilian Portuguese: petima
    • → French: pétun, petun

    References

    1. ^ anonymous author (1622), “Fumo, polla erua [Tobacco, the herb]”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 144: “Petigma”
    2. ^ Arronches, João de (1739), “TABACO”, in Caderno da Lingua (overall work in Portuguese); republished as “O caderno da lingua ou Vocabulario Portuguez-Tupi [The language's notebook or Portuguese-Tupi vocabulary]”, in Plínio Ayrosa, editor, Revista do Museu Paulista, volume XXI, São Paulo: Imprensa Official do Estado, 1934, page 294: “petúma reté”
    3. ^ Frei Onofre (1751), “Tabaco”, in José Mariano da Conceição Velloso, editor, Dicionario portuguez, e brasiliano [Brazilian and Portuguese dictionary] (overall work in Língua Geral Amazônica and Portuguese), Lisbon: Officina Patriarcal, published 1795, page 73, column 2: “Pytýma”
    4. ^ Meisterburg, Anton [attributed] (a. 1756), “Tabaco”, in [Dicionário de Trier] [Dictionary from Trier] (overall work in Portuguese and Língua Geral Amazônica), Baixo Xingu; Pará, page 39v, column 2, line 1; republished as Jean-Claude Muller et al., editors, Dicionário de língua geral amazônica [Língua Geral Amazônica Dictionary], Potsdam: University of Potsdam, 2019, →DOI, page 249: “petyma”
    5. ^ anonymous author (18th century), “Tabaco”, in Diccionario da lingua brazilica [Dictionary of the Brasílica Language]‎[1] (overall work in Língua Geral Amazônica and Portuguese), page 56: “Pytyma”
    6. ^ anonymous author (1622), “Fumaça q. se bebe [Smoke that one drinks]”, in Vocabulario na lingoa Braſilica (overall work in Portuguese), Piratininga; republished as Carlos Drummond, editor, Vocabulário na Língua Brasílica, 2nd edition, volume 1, São Paulo: USP, 1953, page 144: “Petigma”

    Further reading

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