parka

See also: Parka, párka, and parkā

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

1780, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).[1][2][3] Perhaps from Proto-Uralic; see dialectal Finnish parka (“rag, swaddling clothes”), which may be a cognate from Proto-Uralic, or an early borrowing from another Uralic language.

Pronunciation

  • (General American) IPA(key): /ˈpɑɹkə/
  • (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpɑːkə/
  • Audio (US):(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɑː(ɹ)kə
  • Homophone: Parker (non-rhotic)

Noun

parka (plural parkas)

  1. (clothing) A long jacket with a hood which protects the wearer against rain and wind.
    • 2002 January 3, James Meek, London Review of Books:
      Basir tended to wear a beige suede parka over his shalwar kameez.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Afrikaans: parka
  • → Chinese: 派克 (pàikè)
  • → Dutch: parka
  • → Finnish: parka
  • → French: parka
  • → German: Parka
  • → Italian: parka
  • → Japanese: パーカ (pāka)
  • → Korean: 파카 (paka)
  • → Polish: parka
  • → Spanish: parka
  • → Swedish: parkas
  • → Turkish: parka

Translations

See also

References

  1. ^ “parka”, in OED Online ⁠, Oxford: Oxford University Press, launched 2000.
  2. ^ “parka”, in Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.
  3. ^ Webs of Words: New Studies in Historical Lexicology (2010), p. 147, p. 171

Aleut

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian па́рка (párka).

Noun

parka

  1. parka, coat

Descendants

  • → English: parka (see there for further descendants)

Czech

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian парка (parka).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈparka]
  • Hyphenation: par‧ka

Noun

parka f

  1. parka

Declension

Declension of parka (hard feminine reducible)
singular plural
nominative parka parky
genitive parky parek
dative parce parkám
accusative parku parky
vocative parko parky
locative parce parkách
instrumental parkou parkami

See also

Further reading

Finnish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpɑrkɑ/, [ˈpɑ̝rkɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ɑrkɑ
  • Syllabification(key): par‧ka
  • Hyphenation(key): par‧ka

Etymology 1

    Uncertain. Perhaps an old cognate of the internationalism parka (“a sort of jacket”). If so, a loan from Tundra Nenets (see Proto-Samoyedic *pårkå) or, less likely, inherited from Proto-Uralic.[1]

    Noun

    parka

    1. poor thing, someone pitiful
      Synonyms: polo, poloinen, raasu, raukka, raukkaparka
      poikaparka ― poor boy
      tyttöparka ― poor girl
      miesparka ― poor man
      naisparka ― poor woman
      Voi parkaa! ― (Oh,) poor thing!
    2. (dialectal) rag, swaddling of clothes
    Declension
    Inflection of parka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)
    nominative parka parat
    genitive paran parkojen
    partitive parkaa parkoja
    illative parkaan parkoihin
    singular plural
    nominative parka parat
    accusative nom. parka parat
    gen. paran
    genitive paran parkojen
    parkain rare
    partitive parkaa parkoja
    inessive parassa paroissa
    elative parasta paroista
    illative parkaan parkoihin
    adessive paralla paroilla
    ablative paralta paroilta
    allative paralle paroille
    essive parkana parkoina
    translative paraksi paroiksi
    abessive paratta paroitta
    instructive — paroin
    comitative See the possessive forms below.
    Possessive forms of parka (Kotus type 9*D/kala, k-∅ gradation)
    first-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative parkani parkani
    accusative nom. parkani parkani
    gen. parkani
    genitive parkani parkojeni
    parkaini rare
    partitive parkaani parkojani
    inessive parassani paroissani
    elative parastani paroistani
    illative parkaani parkoihini
    adessive parallani paroillani
    ablative paraltani paroiltani
    allative paralleni paroilleni
    essive parkanani parkoinani
    translative parakseni paroikseni
    abessive parattani paroittani
    instructive — —
    comitative — parkoineni
    second-person singular possessor
    singular plural
    nominative parkasi parkasi
    accusative nom. parkasi parkasi
    gen. parkasi
    genitive parkasi parkojesi
    parkaisi rare
    partitive parkaasi parkojasi
    inessive parassasi paroissasi
    elative parastasi paroistasi
    illative parkaasi parkoihisi
    adessive parallasi paroillasi
    ablative paraltasi paroiltasi
    allative parallesi paroillesi
    essive parkanasi parkoinasi
    translative paraksesi paroiksesi
    abessive parattasi paroittasi
    instructive — —
    comitative — parkoinesi
    first-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative parkamme parkamme
    accusative nom. parkamme parkamme
    gen. parkamme
    genitive parkamme parkojemme
    parkaimme rare
    partitive parkaamme parkojamme
    inessive parassamme paroissamme
    elative parastamme paroistamme
    illative parkaamme parkoihimme
    adessive parallamme paroillamme
    ablative paraltamme paroiltamme
    allative parallemme paroillemme
    essive parkanamme parkoinamme
    translative paraksemme paroiksemme
    abessive parattamme paroittamme
    instructive — —
    comitative — parkoinemme
    second-person plural possessor
    singular plural
    nominative parkanne parkanne
    accusative nom. parkanne parkanne
    gen. parkanne
    genitive parkanne parkojenne
    parkainne rare
    partitive parkaanne parkojanne
    inessive parassanne paroissanne
    elative parastanne paroistanne
    illative parkaanne parkoihinne
    adessive parallanne paroillanne
    ablative paraltanne paroiltanne
    allative parallenne paroillenne
    essive parkananne parkoinanne
    translative paraksenne paroiksenne
    abessive parattanne paroittanne
    instructive — —
    comitative — parkoinenne
    third-person possessor
    singular plural
    nominative parkansa parkansa
    accusative nom. parkansa parkansa
    gen. parkansa
    genitive parkansa parkojensa
    parkainsa rare
    partitive parkaansa parkojaan
    parkojansa
    inessive parassaan
    parassansa     		paroissaan
    paroissansa
    elative parastaan
    parastansa     		paroistaan
    paroistansa
    illative parkaansa parkoihinsa
    adessive parallaan
    parallansa     		paroillaan
    paroillansa
    ablative paraltaan
    paraltansa     		paroiltaan
    paroiltansa
    allative paralleen
    parallensa     		paroilleen
    paroillensa
    essive parkanaan
    parkanansa     		parkoinaan
    parkoinansa
    translative parakseen
    paraksensa     		paroikseen
    paroiksensa
    abessive parattaan
    parattansa     		paroittaan
    paroittansa
    instructive — —
    comitative — parkoineen
    parkoinensa
    Derived terms
    compounds

    Further reading

    Etymology 2

      Internationalism (compare English parka). From Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka). Possibly related to parka (etymology 1; see there for more).

      Noun

      parka

      1. parka
      Declension
      Inflection of parka (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
      nominative parka parkat
      genitive parkan parkojen
      partitive parkaa parkoja
      illative parkaan parkoihin
      singular plural
      nominative parka parkat
      accusative nom. parka parkat
      gen. parkan
      genitive parkan parkojen
      parkain rare
      partitive parkaa parkoja
      inessive parkassa parkoissa
      elative parkasta parkoista
      illative parkaan parkoihin
      adessive parkalla parkoilla
      ablative parkalta parkoilta
      allative parkalle parkoille
      essive parkana parkoina
      translative parkaksi parkoiksi
      abessive parkatta parkoitta
      instructive — parkoin
      comitative See the possessive forms below.
      Possessive forms of parka (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
      first-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative parkani parkani
      accusative nom. parkani parkani
      gen. parkani
      genitive parkani parkojeni
      parkaini rare
      partitive parkaani parkojani
      inessive parkassani parkoissani
      elative parkastani parkoistani
      illative parkaani parkoihini
      adessive parkallani parkoillani
      ablative parkaltani parkoiltani
      allative parkalleni parkoilleni
      essive parkanani parkoinani
      translative parkakseni parkoikseni
      abessive parkattani parkoittani
      instructive — —
      comitative — parkoineni
      second-person singular possessor
      singular plural
      nominative parkasi parkasi
      accusative nom. parkasi parkasi
      gen. parkasi
      genitive parkasi parkojesi
      parkaisi rare
      partitive parkaasi parkojasi
      inessive parkassasi parkoissasi
      elative parkastasi parkoistasi
      illative parkaasi parkoihisi
      adessive parkallasi parkoillasi
      ablative parkaltasi parkoiltasi
      allative parkallesi parkoillesi
      essive parkanasi parkoinasi
      translative parkaksesi parkoiksesi
      abessive parkattasi parkoittasi
      instructive — —
      comitative — parkoinesi
      first-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative parkamme parkamme
      accusative nom. parkamme parkamme
      gen. parkamme
      genitive parkamme parkojemme
      parkaimme rare
      partitive parkaamme parkojamme
      inessive parkassamme parkoissamme
      elative parkastamme parkoistamme
      illative parkaamme parkoihimme
      adessive parkallamme parkoillamme
      ablative parkaltamme parkoiltamme
      allative parkallemme parkoillemme
      essive parkanamme parkoinamme
      translative parkaksemme parkoiksemme
      abessive parkattamme parkoittamme
      instructive — —
      comitative — parkoinemme
      second-person plural possessor
      singular plural
      nominative parkanne parkanne
      accusative nom. parkanne parkanne
      gen. parkanne
      genitive parkanne parkojenne
      parkainne rare
      partitive parkaanne parkojanne
      inessive parkassanne parkoissanne
      elative parkastanne parkoistanne
      illative parkaanne parkoihinne
      adessive parkallanne parkoillanne
      ablative parkaltanne parkoiltanne
      allative parkallenne parkoillenne
      essive parkananne parkoinanne
      translative parkaksenne parkoiksenne
      abessive parkattanne parkoittanne
      instructive — —
      comitative — parkoinenne
      third-person possessor
      singular plural
      nominative parkansa parkansa
      accusative nom. parkansa parkansa
      gen. parkansa
      genitive parkansa parkojensa
      parkainsa rare
      partitive parkaansa parkojaan
      parkojansa
      inessive parkassaan
      parkassansa       		parkoissaan
      parkoissansa
      elative parkastaan
      parkastansa       		parkoistaan
      parkoistansa
      illative parkaansa parkoihinsa
      adessive parkallaan
      parkallansa       		parkoillaan
      parkoillansa
      ablative parkaltaan
      parkaltansa       		parkoiltaan
      parkoiltansa
      allative parkalleen
      parkallensa       		parkoilleen
      parkoillensa
      essive parkanaan
      parkanansa       		parkoinaan
      parkoinansa
      translative parkakseen
      parkaksensa       		parkoikseen
      parkoiksensa
      abessive parkattaan
      parkattansa       		parkoittaan
      parkoittansa
      instructive — —
      comitative — parkoineen
      parkoinensa

      Further reading

      References

      1. ^ Janhunen, Juha. 1988. "Lisiä samojedilaisen vaatetustermin vaiheisiin". Virittäjä 92/1: 88–91.

      French

      Pronunciation

      Noun

      parka m or f (plural parkas)

      1. parka

      Further reading

      Latvian

      Noun

      parka m

      1. genitive singular of parks

      Lower Sorbian

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /ˈparka/

      Noun

      parka

      1. inflection of park:
        1. genitive singular
        2. nominative/accusative dual

      Polish

      Pronunciation

       
      • IPA(key): /ˈpar.ka/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Rhymes: -arka
      • Syllabification: par‧ka

      Etymology 1

      From para (“couple”) +‎ -ka (diminutive suffix).

      Noun

      parka f

      1. diminutive of para

      Etymology 2

      From para (“steam”) +‎ -ka (diminutive suffix).

      Noun

      parka f

      1. (rare) diminutive of para
      2. (Lasovia) synonym of prażucha
      3. (Eastern Lublin, Zamość County) synonym of krew (“human blood”)

      Etymology 3

      Borrowed from English parka, ultimately from Tundra Nenets парка (parka), via Aleut parka and Russian па́рка (párka).

      Noun

      parka f

      1. parka (heavy weatherproof jacket)

      Etymology 4

      Learned borrowing from Latin Parca.

      Noun

      parka f

      1. (Roman mythology) Parca (one of the Fates)
      Declension
      Declension of parka
      singular plural
      nominative parka parki
      genitive parki parek
      dative parce parkom
      accusative parkę parki
      instrumental parką parkami
      locative parce parkach
      vocative parko parki

      Further reading

      • parka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
      • parka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
      • Oskar Kolberg (1865), “parka”, in Lud. Jego zwyczaje, sposób życia, mowa, podania, przysłowia, obrzędy, gusła, zabawy, pieśni, muzyka i tańce. Serya II. Sandomierskie (in Polish), page 264
      • Hieronim Łopaciński (1892), “parka”, in “Przyczynki do nowego słownika języka polskiego (słownik wyrazów ludowych z Lubelskiego i innych okolic Królestwa Polskiego)”, in Prace Filologiczne (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw: skł. gł. w Księgarni E. Wende i Ska, page 230

      Spanish

      Noun

      parka f (plural parkas)

      1. parka

      Further reading

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