mieć

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьměti. First attested in the 14th century.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /mʲɛ(ː)t͡ɕʲ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /mʲɛt͡ɕʲ/, /mʲet͡ɕʲ/

mieć impf

1. to have, to be in possession of
2. to have, to hold (to contain in one's hands)
3. to have (to host someone or be hosted)
4. (in collocation with some nouns) to do
5. to consider someone as something
6. to be supposed to, to have to
7. (with the passive participle) to have (e.g. to have something (that is) cooked)
8. (reflexive with się) to behave
9. (reflexive with się) to fare (to be in any state, or pass through any experience, good or bad)

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

• Polish: mieć
• Silesian: mieć

• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “mieć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

• Audio 1; “mieć”:

  (file)

• Audio 2; “mieć”:

  (file)

• Audio 3; “mieć się”:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛt͡ɕ
• Syllabification: mieć
• Homophone: miedź

Inherited from Old Polish mieć.

mieć impf (frequentative miewać)

1. (transitive) to have

   Mam kota. ― I have a cat.

   Mam daleko do szkoły. ― It's a long way to school for me. (literally, “I have [it] far to school.”)

2. (intransitive) to be some age

   Mam 22 lata. ― I am 22 years old. (literally, “I have 22 years.”)

3. (transitive) used as a semantically weak verb with some nouns

   Mam bzika na ich punkcie. ― I'm crazy about them.

4. (transitive, colloquial) to have, to have sex with

   Chyba nigdy chłopa nie miała. ― She probably never had a man.

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:uprawiać seks

5. (transitive) to consider someone as something [with za (+ accusative)]

   Miałem Cię za przyjaciela. ― I considered you my friend.

   Masz się za lepszego? ― You think you are better? (literally, “You consider yourself better?”)

6. (with the passive participle) to have (e.g. to have something (that is) cooked)

   Mam cały wieczór zaplanowany. ― I have the whole evening planned.

7. (auxiliary, intransitive) expresses obligation; to be supposed to, must, to have to, to need to; should, shall

   Mamy iść na zakupy. ― We're supposed to go shopping.

   Czy mam zaparzyć herbatę? ― Should/Shall I brew some tea?

8. (auxiliary, formal, in the past) creates a future in the past; would, was going to

   Ten chłopiec miał w przyszłości zostać wielkim naukowcem. ― This boy would in the future become a great scientist.

9. (auxiliary, intransitive, in the past, evidential) denotes that something might not have happened despite earlier beliefs; to be supposed to, must, to have to, to need to

   System informatyczny miał obsługiwać klientów. ― The IT system was supposed to serve customers

10. (auxiliary, intransitive, in the past, evidential) denotes uncertain, unverified information; allegedly, supposedly

    Mężczyzna miał wykrzykiwać obraźliwe hasła. ― The man was allegedly shouting obscenities.

11. (intransitive) to feel something

    Miałem do niego żal o to. ― I resented him for that.

12. (reflexive with się) to fare (to be in any state, or pass through any experience, good or bad)

    Jak się masz? ― How are you?

13. (reflexive with się) to appear, to bode [with ku (+ dative)]

    Dzień miał się ku końcowi. ― The day was coming to an end.

14. (reflexive with się) to be in relation to something [with do (+ genitive) ‘to what’]

    Jak to się ma do tematu? ― How is this related to the subject?

15. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to head somewhere [with ku (+ dative) or w (+ accusative)]
16. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to behave

    Synonym: zachowywać się

    Synonym: działać

17. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to address, to turn towards
18. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to function
19. (reflexive with się, Middle Polish) to be had

• While the passive participle miany is attested and used in passive constructions, this is generally rare. Impersonal constructions using się are usually preferred for a similar use.

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

mieć

1. second-person singular imperative of mieść

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), mieć is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 341 times in scientific texts, 207 times in news, 393 times in essays, 547 times in fiction, and 1103 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 2591 times, making it the 17th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.^[1]

• mieć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• mieć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “mieć”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “mieć się”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “MIEĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 02.02.2022
• “MIEĆ%20SIĘ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 20 January 2023
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “mieć”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “mieć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “Mieć, Imieć, Mać, Miewać, Miewować, Miewywać”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 948
• M. Arcta Słownik Staropolski/Mieć on the Polish Wikisource.Wikisource ^pl

Inherited from Old Polish mieć.

• IPA^(key): /ˈmjɛt͡ɕ/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛt͡ɕ
• Syllabification: mieć

mieć impf

1. (transitive) to have
2. (intransitive) to feel something
3. (auxiliary, intransitive) to be supposed to must, to have to, to need to
4. (transitive) to consider someone as something [with za (+ accusative)]
5. (reflexive with sie) to fare (to be in any state, or pass through any experience, good or bad)

This verb needs an inflection-table template.

• miec in dykcjonorz.eu
• mieć in silling.org
• mieć_sie in silling.org
• mieć_za in silling.org