mener

French

Etymology

Etymology tree
Latin mīna
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin minō
Old French mener
French mener

    Inherited from Old French mener, from Latin mināre, collateral form of minārī.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /mə.ne/
    • Audio:(file)
    • Audio (France (Lyon)):(file)
    • Audio (France (Somain)):(file)

    Verb

    mener

    1. (transitive) to lead, to take
      Le bus va nous mener au château.
      The bus will lead us to the castle.
      1677, Guy Miège, A New French Dictionary. "Mener un Criminel au Gibet, to conduct a Malefactor to the Gallows."
    2. to lead, to run, to take charge
      Louis va mener ce cours.
      Louis will lead this lesson.
    3. to lead, to be leading, to be in the lead
      L'équipe bleue mène 2 à 0.
      The blue team is leading 2–0.

    Conjugation

    This verb is conjugated like parler, except the -e- /ə/ of the second-to-last syllable becomes -è- /ɛ/ when the next vowel is a silent or schwa -e-, as in the third-person singular present indicative il mène and the third-person singular future indicative il mènera.

    Conjugation of mener (see also Appendix:French verbs)
    infinitive simple mener
    compound avoir + past participle
    present participle or gerund1 simple menant
    /mə.nɑ̃/
    compound ayant + past participle
    past participle mené
    /mə.ne/
    singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present mène
    /mɛn/     		mènes
    /mɛn/     		mène
    /mɛn/     		menons
    /mə.nɔ̃/     		menez
    /mə.ne/     		mènent
    /mɛn/
    imperfect menais
    /mə.nɛ/     		menais
    /mə.nɛ/     		menait
    /mə.nɛ/     		menions
    /mə.njɔ̃/     		meniez
    /mə.nje/     		menaient
    /mə.nɛ/
    past historic2 menai
    /mə.ne/     		menas
    /mə.na/     		mena
    /mə.na/     		menâmes
    /mə.nam/     		menâtes
    /mə.nat/     		menèrent
    /mə.nɛʁ/
    future mènerai
    /mɛn.ʁe/     		mèneras
    /mɛn.ʁa/     		mènera
    /mɛn.ʁa/     		mènerons
    /mɛn.ʁɔ̃/     		mènerez
    /mɛn.ʁe/     		mèneront
    /mɛn.ʁɔ̃/
    conditional mènerais
    /mɛn.ʁɛ/     		mènerais
    /mɛn.ʁɛ/     		mènerait
    /mɛn.ʁɛ/     		mènerions
    /mɛ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ or /me.nə.ʁjɔ̃/     		mèneriez
    /mɛ.nə.ʁje/ or /me.nə.ʁje/     		mèneraient
    /mɛn.ʁɛ/
    (compound
    tenses)         		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
    past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
    (simple
    tenses)         		present mène
    /mɛn/     		mènes
    /mɛn/     		mène
    /mɛn/     		menions
    /mə.njɔ̃/     		meniez
    /mə.nje/     		mènent
    /mɛn/
    imperfect2 menasse
    /mə.nas/     		menasses
    /mə.nas/     		menât
    /mə.na/     		menassions
    /mə.na.sjɔ̃/     		menassiez
    /mə.na.sje/     		menassent
    /mə.nas/
    (compound
    tenses)         		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nous vous –
    simple — mène
    /mɛn/     		— menons
    /mə.nɔ̃/     		menez
    /mə.ne/     		—
    compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
    1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
    2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
    past historic → present perfect
    past anterior → pluperfect
    imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
    pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

    (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

    Antonyms

    Derived terms

    Further reading

    Ladin

    Etymology

    (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?) Inherited from Latin mināre, collateral form of minārī.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    mener

    1. to take or lead (someone somewhere)

    Conjugation

    • Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
    Conjugation of mener (first conjugation, irregular)
    infinitive mener, mené
    auxiliary verb avei gerund menan
    past participle mené
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative ie tu el / ela nos vos ei / eles
    present meine, meineie meines, meineis meina, meineia, menea menon meneis meina, meineia
    imperfect menove menoves menova menovan menovais menova
    future menaré menaras menarà menaron menareis menarà
    subjunctive che ie che tu che el / ela che nos che vos che ei / eles
    present meine, meineie meines, meineis meine, meineie menon meneis meine
    imperfect menasse menasses menassa menassan menassais menassa
    imperative – tu – nos vos –
    — meina, meineia — menon menede —

    Manado Malay

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Dutch meneer (“misteer”), from Middle Dutch mijnhere.

    Noun

    mener

    1. mister
    2. male teacher

    References

    • Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Utara (2021), Kamus Dwibahasa Melayu Manado-Indonesia (in Indonesian), Manado: Balai Bahasa Provinsi Sulawesi Utara

    Norman

    Verb

    mener

    1. alternative form of m'ner

    Norwegian Bokmål

    Etymology

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    mener

    1. present tense of mene
      (Can we add an example for this sense?)

    Old French

    Etymology

    Etymology tree
    Latin mīna
    Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
    Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
    Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
    Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
    Proto-Italic *-āō
    Latin -ō
    Latin minō
    Old French mener

      Inherited from Latin mināre, collateral form of minārī.

      Pronunciation

      Verb

      mener

      1. (transitive) to lead (encourage something or someone to go somewhere)
        (Can we add an example for this sense?)

      Conjugation

      This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. It has two stems, a unstressed one in -men- that appears in most forms and a stressed one in -mein- (also -main-) that appears in parts of the present indicative, subjunctive and imperative. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

          Conjugation of mener (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
      simple compound
      infinitive mener avoir mené
      gerund en menant gerund of avoir + past participle
      present participle menant
      past participle mené
      person singular plural
      first second third first second third
      indicative jo tu il nos vos il
      simple
      tenses       		present mein, main meines, maines meine, maine menons menez meinent, mainent
      imperfect menoie, meneie, menoe, meneve menoies, meneies, menoes, meneves menoit, meneit, menot, meneve meniiens, meniens meniiez, meniez menoient, meneient, menoent, menevent
      preterite menai menas mena menames menastes menerent
      future menerai meneras menera menerons meneroiz, menereiz, menerez meneront
      conditional meneroie, menereie meneroies, menereies meneroit, menereit meneriiens, meneriens meneriiez, meneriez meneroient, menereient
      compound
      tenses       		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
      past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
      future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
      conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
      subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
      simple
      tenses       		present mein, main meins, mains meint, maint menons menez meinent, mainent
      imperfect menasse menasses menast menissons, menissiens menissoiz, menissez, menissiez menassent
      compound
      tenses       		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
      imperative – tu – nos vos –
      — meine, maine — menons menez —

      Descendants

      • Bourguignon: moiner
      • Middle French: mener
      • Norman: (Jersey) m'ner, mener
      • Picard: mner
      • → German: mennen

      Further reading

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