léim

See also: leim, Leim, and lèim

Irish

Etymology 1

From Old Irish léimm,[1] from Proto-Celtic *lanxsman (compare Welsh llam), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁lengʷʰ- (“light, not heavy”). The verb is denominal from the noun; the Old Irish verb lingid gave Modern ling, which is now literary.

Pronunciation

Noun

léim f (genitive singular léime, nominative plural léimeanna)

  2. verbal noun of léim
  3. jump, leap
  4. obstacle to be jumped
  5. (geography) chasm, promontory
Declension
Declension of léim (second declension)
bare forms
singular plural
nominative léim léimeanna
vocative a léim a léimeanna
genitive léime léimeanna
dative léim léimeanna
forms with the definite article
singular plural
nominative an léim na léimeanna
genitive na léime na léimeanna
dative leis an léim
don léim 		leis na léimeanna
Alternative forms
Derived terms
  • athléim m (“rebound”)
  • léim ailt f (“dislocation, spraining, of joint”)
  • léim an daill f (“leap in the dark”)
  • léim an tsiosúir f (“scissors jump”)
  • léim ard f (“high jump”)
  • léim as bonn f (“standing jump”)
  • léim buinne f (“gush of water”)
  • léim chaorach sa duibheagán f (“leap in the dark”)
  • léim choirp f (“standing jump”)
  • léim chuaille f (“pole vault”)
  • léim éin f (“rising of bird”)
  • léim fáis f (“sudden growth”)
  • léim fhada f (“long jump”)
  • léim giorria f (“hare's leap”)
  • léim i leataobh f (“jump to one side; aberration”)
  • léim láimhe f (“vault”)
  • léim na srathrach f (“straddle jump”)
  • léim reatha f (“running jump”)
  • léim rúitín f (“dislocation, spraining, of ankle”)
  • léim táilliúra f (“somersault performed with legs crossed”)
  • léim uisce f (“water-jump”)
  • léimneach f (“(act of) jumping”)
  • léimneach (“jumping, leaping, bounding; flitting, changeable”, adjective)
  • léimneoir m (“jumper”)
  • léimrás m (“steeplechase”)
  • léimrásaíocht f (“chasing”)
  • pocléim (“buckjump”)

Verb

léim (present analytic léimeann, future analytic léimfidh, verbal noun léim, past participle léimthe)

  2. (ambitransitive) to jump, leap, bound
  3. to skip (omit or disregard intermediate items or stages)
Conjugation
Conjugation of léim (first conjugation – A)
indicative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present léimim léimeann tú;
léimir† 		léimeann sé, sí léimimid; léimeann muid léimeann sibh léimeann siad;
léimid† 		a léimeann; a léimeas léimtear
past léim mé; léimeas léim tú; léimis léim sé, sí léimeamar; léim muid léim sibh; léimeabhair léim siad; léimeadar a léim léimeadh
past habitual léiminn léimteá léimeadh sé, sí léimimis; léimeadh muid léimeadh sibh léimidís; léimeadh siad a léimeadh léimtí
singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
future léimfidh mé;
léimfead 		léimfidh tú;
léimfir† 		léimfidh sé, sí léimfimid;
léimfidh muid 		léimfidh sibh léimfidh siad;
léimfid† 		a léimfidh; a léimfeas léimfear
conditional léimfinn léimfeá léimfeadh sé, sí léimfimis; léimfeadh muid léimfeadh sibh léimfidís; léimfeadh siad a léimfeadh léimfí
subjunctive singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
present go léime mé;
go léimead† 		go léime tú;
go léimir† 		go léime sé, sí go léimimid;
go léime muid 		go léime sibh go léime siad;
go léimid† 		— go léimtear
past dá léiminn dá léimteá dá léimeadh sé, sí dá léimimis;
dá léimeadh muid 		dá léimeadh sibh dá léimidís;
dá léimeadh siad 		— dá léimtí
imperative singular plural direct relative autonomous
first second third first second third
— léimim léim léimeadh sé, sí léimimis léimigí;
léimidh† 		léimidís — léimtear
past participle léimthe
verbal noun léim

† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form

Derived terms
  • aisléim (“recoil”, intransitive verb)
Descendants
  • → Yola: leam

Further reading

  • Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “léimim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 654; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
  • Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “léim”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Alternative forms

  • léighim (obsolete)

Pronunciation

  • (Munster) IPA(key): /lʲeːmʲ/
  • (Connacht) IPA(key): /l̠ʲeːmʲ/
  • (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈl̠ʲeːjəmˠ/, [ˈl̠ʲɛi̯jəmˠ][5] (corresponding to the form léighim)
  • Homophone: leáim (Ulster)

Verb

léim

  1. first-person singular present indicative/imperative of léigh

References

  1. ^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “léimm”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
  2. ^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931), Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 80, page 43
  3. ^ Finck, F. N. (1899), Die araner mundart [The Aran Dialect] (in German), Zweiter Band: Wörterbuch [Second volume: Dictionary], Marburg: Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 186
  4. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 204
  5. ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 153, page 60
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