Swahili
Verb
-kosoana (infinitive kukosoana)
- Reciprocal form of -kosoa
Conjugation
| Conjugation of -kosoana
|
| Positive present
|
-nakosoana
|
| Subjunctive
|
-kosoane
|
| Negative
|
-kosoani
|
| Imperative singular
|
kosoana
|
|
| Infinitives
|
|
|
| Imperatives
|
| Singular
|
kosoana
|
| Plural
|
kosoaneni
|
|
| Tensed forms
|
| Habitual
|
hukosoana
|
| Positive past
|
positive subject concord + -likosoana
|
| Negative past
|
negative subject concord + -kukosoana
|
|
| Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakosoana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
ninakosoana/nakosoana
|
tunakosoana
|
| 2nd person
|
unakosoana
|
mnakosoana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
anakosoana
|
wanakosoana
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -nakosoana
|
|
| Negative present (negative subject concord + -kosoani)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
sikosoani
|
hatukosoani
|
| 2nd person
|
hukosoani
|
hamkosoani
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
hakosoani
|
hawakosoani
|
| other classes
|
negative subject concord + -kosoani
|
|
| Positive future
|
positive subject concord + -takosoana
|
| Negative future
|
negative subject concord + -takosoana
|
|
| Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kosoane)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nikosoane
|
tukosoane
|
| 2nd person
|
ukosoane
|
mkosoane
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akosoane
|
wakosoane
|
| other classes
|
positive subject concord + -kosoane
|
|
| Negative subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -sikosoane
|
| Positive present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngekosoana
|
| Negative present conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singekosoana
|
| Positive past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -ngalikosoana
|
| Negative past conditional
|
positive subject concord + -singalikosoana
|
|
| Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akosoana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| 1st person
|
nakosoana
|
twakosoana
|
| 2nd person
|
wakosoana
|
mwakosoana
|
| 3rd person
|
m-wa(I/II)
|
akosoana
|
wakosoana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
wakosoana
|
yakosoana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
lakosoana
|
yakosoana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
chakosoana
|
vyakosoana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
yakosoana
|
zakosoana
|
| u(XI)
|
wakosoana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
kwakosoana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
pakosoana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
mwakosoana
|
|
|
| Perfect
|
positive subject concord + -mekosoana
|
| "Already"
|
positive subject concord + -meshakosoana
|
| "Not yet"
|
negative subject concord + -jakosoana
|
| "If/When"
|
positive subject concord + -kikosoana
|
| "If not"
|
positive subject concord + -sipokosoana
|
| Consecutive
|
kakosoana / positive subject concord + -kakosoana
|
| Consecutive subjunctive
|
positive subject concord + -kakosoane
|
| Object concord
|
—
|
|
| Relative forms
|
| General positive (positive subject concord + -kosoana- + relative marker)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-kosoanaye
|
-kosoanao
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-kosoanao
|
-kosoanayo
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-kosoanalo
|
-kosoanayo
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-kosoanacho
|
-kosoanavyo
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-kosoanayo
|
-kosoanazo
|
| u(XI)
|
-kosoanao
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kosoanako
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-kosoanapo
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-kosoanamo
|
|
|
| Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -kosoana)
|
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
| m-wa(I/II)
|
-yekosoana
|
-okosoana
|
| m-mi(III/IV)
|
-okosoana
|
-yokosoana
|
| ji-ma(V/VI)
|
-lokosoana
|
-yokosoana
|
| ki-vi(VII/VIII)
|
-chokosoana
|
-vyokosoana
|
| n(IX/X)
|
-yokosoana
|
-zokosoana
|
| u(XI)
|
-okosoana
|
see n(X) or ma(VI) class
|
| ku(XV/XVII)
|
-kokosoana
|
|
| pa(XVI)
|
-pokosoana
|
|
| mu(XVIII)
|
-mokosoana
|
|
|
|
| Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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