kaita
Estonian
Noun
kaita
Finnish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *kaita (compare Ingrian kaita, Karelian kaita, Livvi kaidu, Ludian kaid, Veps kaid), probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic *gaidō (compare English goad).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯tɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝i̯t̪ɑ̝]
- Rhymes: -ɑitɑ
- Syllabification(key): kai‧ta
- Hyphenation(key): kai‧ta
Adjective
kaita (comparative kaidempi, superlative kaidin or kaidoin)
Declension
| Inflection of kaita (Kotus type 9*F/kala, t-d gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaita | kaidat | |
| genitive | kaidan | kaitojen | |
| partitive | kaitaa | kaitoja | |
| illative | kaitaan | kaitoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaita | kaidat | |
| accusative | nom. | kaita | kaidat |
| gen. | kaidan | ||
| genitive | kaidan | kaitojen kaitain rare | |
| partitive | kaitaa | kaitoja | |
| inessive | kaidassa | kaidoissa | |
| elative | kaidasta | kaidoista | |
| illative | kaitaan | kaitoihin | |
| adessive | kaidalla | kaidoilla | |
| ablative | kaidalta | kaidoilta | |
| allative | kaidalle | kaidoille | |
| essive | kaitana | kaitoina | |
| translative | kaidaksi | kaidoiksi | |
| abessive | kaidatta | kaidoitta | |
| instructive | — | kaidoin | |
| comitative | — | kaitoine | |
| Possessive forms of kaita (Kotus type 9*F/kala, t-d gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derived terms
compounds
Further reading
- “1. kaita”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023
Etymology 2
Stem variant of kaitsea.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯tɑˣ/, [ˈkɑ̝i̯t̪ɑ̝(ʔ)]
- Rhymes: -ɑitɑ
- Syllabification(key): kai‧ta
- Hyphenation(key): kai‧ta
Verb
kaita (rare)
- alternative form of kaitsea
Conjugation
| Inflection of kaita (Kotus type 69/valita, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaitsen | en kaitse | 1st sing. | olen kainnut | en ole kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaitset | et kaitse | 2nd sing. | olet kainnut | et ole kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaitsee | ei kaitse | 3rd sing. | on kainnut | ei ole kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaitsemme | emme kaitse | 1st plur. | olemme kainneet | emme ole kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaitsette | ette kaitse | 2nd plur. | olette kainneet | ette ole kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaitsevat | eivät kaitse | 3rd plur. | ovat kainneet | eivät ole kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaitaan | ei kaita | passive | on kaittu | ei ole kaittu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaitsin | en kainnut | 1st sing. | olin kainnut | en ollut kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaitsit | et kainnut | 2nd sing. | olit kainnut | et ollut kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaitsi | ei kainnut | 3rd sing. | oli kainnut | ei ollut kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaitsimme | emme kainneet | 1st plur. | olimme kainneet | emme olleet kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaitsitte | ette kainneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kainneet | ette olleet kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaitsivat | eivät kainneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kainneet | eivät olleet kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaittiin | ei kaittu | passive | oli kaittu | ei ollut kaittu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kaitsisin | en kaitsisi | 1st sing. | olisin kainnut | en olisi kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaitsisit | et kaitsisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kainnut | et olisi kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaitsisi | ei kaitsisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kainnut | ei olisi kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaitsisimme | emme kaitsisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kainneet | emme olisi kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaitsisitte | ette kaitsisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kainneet | ette olisi kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaitsisivat | eivät kaitsisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kainneet | eivät olisi kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaittaisiin | ei kaittaisi | passive | olisi kaittu | ei olisi kaittu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kaitse | älä kaitse | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kaitkoon | älköön kaitko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kainnut | älköön olko kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kaitkaamme | älkäämme kaitko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kaitkaa | älkää kaitko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kaitkoot | älkööt kaitko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kainneet | älkööt olko kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaittakoon | älköön kaittako | passive | olkoon kaittu | älköön olko kaittu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kainnen | en kainne | 1st sing. | lienen kainnut | en liene kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kainnet | et kainne | 2nd sing. | lienet kainnut | et liene kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kainnee | ei kainne | 3rd sing. | lienee kainnut | ei liene kainnut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kainnemme | emme kainne | 1st plur. | lienemme kainneet | emme liene kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kainnette | ette kainne | 2nd plur. | lienette kainneet | ette liene kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kainnevat | eivät kainne | 3rd plur. | lienevät kainneet | eivät liene kainneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kaittaneen | ei kaittane | passive | lienee kaittu | ei liene kaittu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kaita | present | kaitseva | kaittava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kainnut | kaittu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kaitessa | kaittaessa | agent4 | kaitsema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kaitsematon | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kaiten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kaitsemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kaitsemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kaitsemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kaitsemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kaitsematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kaitseman | kaittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | kaitseminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Further reading
- “2. kaita”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish][2] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 1 July 2023
Anagrams
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaita. Cognates include Finnish kaita and Veps kaid.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯tɑ/, [ˈkɑi̯t]
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈkɑi̯tɑ/, [ˈkɑi̯d̥ɑ]
- Rhymes: -ɑi̯t, -ɑi̯tɑ
- Hyphenation: kai‧ta
Adjective
kaita (comparative kaijemp)
Declension
| Declension of kaita (type 3/kana, it-ij gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kaita | kaijat |
| genitive | kaijan | kaitoin |
| partitive | kaitaa | kaitoja |
| illative | kaitaa | kaitoi |
| inessive | kaijaas | kaijois |
| elative | kaijast | kaijoist |
| allative | kaijalle | kaijoille |
| adessive | kaijaal | kaijoil |
| ablative | kaijalt | kaijoilt |
| translative | kaijaks | kaijoiks |
| essive | kaitanna, kaitaan | kaitoinna, kaitoin |
| exessive1) | kaitant | kaitoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Antonyms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 122
Japanese
Romanization
kaita
Veps
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kaiccëdak.
Verb
kaita
Inflection
| Inflection of kaita (inflection type 26/valita) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st infinitive | kaita | ||
| present indic. | kaičeb | ||
| past indic. | kaiči | ||
| present indicative |
past indicative |
imperative | |
| 1st singular | kaičen | kaičin | — |
| 2nd singular | kaičed | kaičid | kaiče |
| 3rd singular | kaičeb | kaiči | kaičkaha |
| 1st plural | kaičem | kaičim | kaikam |
| 2nd plural | kaičet | kaičit | kaikat |
| 3rd plural | kaitas kaičeba |
kaičiba | kaičkaha |
| sing. conneg.1 | kaiče | kaičend | kaiče |
| plur. conneg. | kaikoi | kainugoi | kaikoi |
| present conditional |
past conditional |
potential | |
| 1st singular | kaičižin | kainuižin | kaičenen |
| 2nd singular | kaičižid | kainuižid | kaičened |
| 3rd singular | kaičiži | kainuiži | kaičeneb |
| 1st plural | kaičižim | kainuižim | kaičenem |
| 2nd plural | kaičižit | kainuižit | kaičenet |
| 3rd plural | kaičižiba | kainuižiba | kaičeneba |
| connegative | kaičiži | kainuiži | kaičene |
| non-finite forms | |||
| 1st infinitive | kaita | ||
| 2nd infinitive | 3rd infinitive | ||
| inessive | kaites | inessive | kaičemas |
| instructive | kaiten | illative | kaičemaha |
| participles | elative | kaičemaspäi | |
| present active | kaičii | adessive | kaičemal |
| past active | kainu | abessive | kaičemat |
| past passive | kaitud | ||
| 1 In imperative: used only in the second-person singular. The plural form is used with other persons. | |||