Salar
Etymology
Derived from Salar kötgüsi (“to carry”). Cognate to Turkish götürmek, Turkmen götermek, etc.
Pronunciation
- (Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): /kʰøder(ɣysi)/, /kʰødir(ɣysi)/
- (Ili, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /kʰødyr(ɣysi)/
Verb
köderğüsi
- to lift
Conjugation
Conjugation of köderğüsi
basic conjugation
| basic conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
köderer
|
köderer-a
|
ködemes
|
ködemes-a
|
| continuous
|
köderbır
|
köderba(r)
|
köder yoxdır,
ködermır
|
köder yox-a
|
| past
|
köderci
|
ködermiş
|
ködermeci
|
ködermemiş
|
| future
|
köderğür
|
köderğe(r)
|
ködermeğür
|
ködermeğe(r)
|
| past perfect
|
köderğen var
|
köderğen var-a
|
köderğen yoxdır
|
köderğen yox-a
|
| necessitative
|
köderği
|
ködermeği
|
| conditional
|
köderse
|
ködermese
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
köderel
|
ködermeğel
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
köder
|
köderme
|
| 2nd person
|
köderdoğo
|
köderquma
|
| 3rd person
|
köderqoğı
|
ködermeği
|
| infinitive
|
köderğüsi
|
ködermeğüsi
|
| manner noun
|
köderiş
|
ködermeş
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
köderğen
|
ködermeğen
|
| perfective
|
ködermiş
|
ködermemiş
|
| prospective
|
köderğüsi
|
ködermeğüsi
|
| agent noun
|
köderğüci
|
ködermeğüci
|
|
|
converbs
|
| purposive converb
|
köderme
|
| posterior converb
|
köderğü, köderceni
|
| anterior converb
|
köderğünçük
|
| iterative converb
|
ködere-ködere
|
| immediate posterior converb
|
köderğüşli
|
| causal converb
|
köderceni
|
| prospective converb
|
köderğüdene
|
| sequential converb
|
köderi
|
question conjugation
| question conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
|
|
experimental1
|
inferential2
|
experimental
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
köderer-(m)i
|
köderer-(m)o
|
ködemes-(m)i
|
ködemes-(m)o
|
| continuous
|
köderbır-(m)i
|
köderba(r)-(m)o
|
köder yoxdır-(m)i
|
köder yox-aro
|
| past
|
köder-du,
köderci-mu
|
ködermiş-(m)o
|
köderme-du,
ködermeci-mu
|
ködermemiş-(m)o
|
| future
|
köderğür-(m)i
|
köderğe(r)-(m)o
|
ködermeğür-(m)i
|
ködermeğe(r)-(m)o
|
| past perfect
|
köderğen var-(m)i
|
köderğen var-(m)o
|
köderğen yoxdır-(m)i
|
köderğen yox-aro
|
| necessitative
|
köderği-mu
|
ködermeği-mu
|
| conditional
|
köderse-mu
|
ködermese-mu
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
köderel-mu
|
ködermeğel-mu
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
köder-mu
|
köderme-mu
|
| 2nd person
|
köderdoğo-mu
|
köderquma-mu
|
| 3rd person
|
köderqoğı-mu
|
ködermeği-mu
|
| infinitive
|
köderğüsi-mu
|
ködermeğüsi-mu
|
| manner noun
|
köderiş-mu
|
ködermeş-mu
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
köderğen-mu
|
ködermeğen-mu
|
| perfective
|
ködermiş-mu
|
ködermemiş-mu
|
| prospective
|
köderğüsi-mu
|
ködermeğüsi-mu
|
| agent noun
|
köderğüci-mu
|
ködermeğüci-mu
|
potential conjugation
| potential conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
ködereler
|
ködereler-a
|
köderelmes
|
köderelmes-a
|
| continuous
|
köderelbır
|
köderelba(r)
|
köderel yoxdır,
köderelmır
|
köderel yox-a
|
| past
|
köderelci
|
köderelmiş
|
köderelmeci
|
köderelmemiş
|
| future
|
köderelğür
|
köderelğe(r)
|
köderelmeğür
|
köderelmeğe(r)
|
| past perfect
|
köderelğen var
|
köderelğen var-a
|
köderelğen yoxdır
|
köderelğen yox-a
|
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
| inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
{{{71}}}
|
{{{72}}}
|
{{{101}}}
|
{{{102}}}
|
| continuous
|
{{{73}}}
|
{{{74}}}
|
{{{103}}},
{{{1031}}}
|
{{{104}}}
|
| past
|
{{{75}}}
|
{{{76}}}
|
{{{105}}}
|
{{{106}}}
|
| future
|
{{{77}}}
|
{{{78}}}
|
{{{107}}}
|
{{{108}}}
|
| past perfect
|
{{{79}}}
|
{{{80}}}
|
{{{109}}}
|
{{{110}}}
|
|
1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.
References
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “köderğüsi”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 394
- Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “köderğüsi”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon[1], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 137
- 马伟 (Ma Wei) (2016), “köderğüsi”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 青海师范大学 (Qinghai Normal University), Unpublished finalized project manuscript (国家社会科学基金项目结项稿, 定稿; National Social Science Fund of China), page 180