imb

See also: imb', imb-, and IMB

Maltese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Univerbation of ma’ +‎ b’, fossilised in fixed impressions.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /(ɪ)mp/

Preposition

imb

  1. alternative form of b’ used in a few expressions
    wiċċ imb wiċċ ― face to face
    ras imb ras ― head to head
    riħ imb riħ ― neck and neck
    mpar ― of the same age
    mbilli ― inasmuch as

Old Irish

Alternative forms

  • im (preposition only)
  • imm (both etymologies)

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈimʲbʲ/

Etymology 1

    From Proto-Celtic *amban (compare Welsh ymenyn), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃engʷen- (compare Latin unguen (“grease”), Old High German ancho (“butter”)), from *h₃engʷ- (“anoint”).[1]

    Noun

    imb n or m (genitive imme, no plural)

    1. butter
    Inflection
    Neuter n-stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative imbN — —
    vocative imbN — —
    accusative imbN — —
    genitive imme — —
    dative immimL — —
    Initial mutations of a following adjective:
    • H = triggers aspiration
    • L = triggers lenition
    • N = triggers nasalization
    Descendants
    • Irish: im
    • Manx: eeym
    • Scottish Gaelic: ìm

    Further reading

    Etymology 2

      From Proto-Celtic *ambi (compare Welsh am), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂m̥bʰi (“round about, around”). Cognate with Latin ambi-, Sanskrit अभि (abhí, “towards, over, upon”), Old Persian 𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎹 (a-b-i-y /⁠abiy⁠/, “towards, against, upon”), Old High German umbi, Ancient Greek ἀμφί (amphí, “about, around”) and the first part of Old Armenian ամբ-ողջ (amb-ołǰ, “whole”).

      Preposition

      imb (with the accusative)

      1. around
      2. about

      For quotations using this term, see Citations:imb.

      Inflection
      Inflection of imb
      Person: normal emphatic
      singular first immum
      second immut
      third
      m or n       		dative
      accusative imbi, immi
      third
      f       		dative
      accusative impe
      plural first immunn
      second immib
      third dative
      accusative impu, impo

      Forms with a definite article:

      • immin, immun (“around the (masculine/feminine accusative singular)”)

      Forms with a possessive determiner:

      • imdu (“around your sg”)
      • imma, imme (“around his/her/its/their”)

      Forms with a relative pronoun:

      Descendants
      • Irish: um
      • Scottish Gaelic: mu
      • Manx: mysh

      Further reading

      Mutation

      Mutation of imb
      radical lenition nasalization
      imb
      (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)      		 imb n-imb

      Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
      All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

      References

      1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*amben-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 69
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