gian lao

Vietnamese

Etymology

    Sino-Vietnamese word from 艱勞.

    Pronunciation

    • (Hà Nội) IPA(key): [zaːn˧˧ laːw˧˧]
    • (Huế) IPA(key): [jaːŋ˧˧ laːw˧˧]
    • (Saigon) IPA(key): [jaːŋ˧˧ laːw˧˧]

    Adjective

    gian lao

    1. (literary, of life, etc.) hard; tough; arduous
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