giống

• (Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [zəwŋ͡m˧˦]
• (Huế) IPA^(key): [jəwŋ͡m˦˧˥]
• (Saigon) IPA^(key): [jəwŋ͡m˦˥]

• Audio (Hà Nội):

  (file)

Inherited from Proto-Vietic *k-coːŋʔ, from a descendant of reconstructed Old Chinese 種 (OC *k.toŋʔ) when the dental stop already palatalized;

non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 種 (“seed; species”, SV: chủng). Doublet of chủng.

The same sound change also yields Vietnamese giấy, from Proto-Vietic *k-cajʔ, from a descendant of ultimately Old Chinese 紙 (OC *k.teʔ).

giống • (𥞖, 𥠭, 𧀑)

1. (usually derogatory) human race
2. (animal breeding) breed
3. (agriculture, horticulture) cultivar
4. (grammar, linguistics) gender

   tương hợp giống và số ― grammatical agreement (literally, “compatibility on gender and number”)

   giống đực ― the masculine gender

   giống cái ― the feminine gender

5. (taxonomy) genus

   Synonym: chi

Possibly derived from etymology 1.

giống • (𠏳)

1. to be alike, to be similar

giống • (𠏳)

1. be alike, be similar

   Antonym: khác