Salar
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Oghuz *kǖt- (“to graze”).
Pronunciation
- (Xunhua, Qinghai) IPA(key): /kʰytkysi/
- (Ili, Xinjiang) IPA(key): /kʰytkysi/
Verb
kütgüsi (present küter, past kütci)
- to graze
- (Ili Salar) to take care, serve
Conjugation
Conjugation of kütgüsi
basic conjugation
| basic conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
küter
|
küter-a
|
kütmes
|
kütmes-a
|
| continuous
|
kütbır
|
kütba
|
küt yoxdır,
kütmır
|
küt yox-a
|
| past
|
kütci
|
kütmiş
|
kütmeci
|
kütmemiş
|
| future
|
kütgür
|
kütge
|
kütmeğür
|
kütmeğe
|
| past perfect
|
kütgen var
|
kütgen var-a
|
kütgen yoxdır
|
kütgen yox-a
|
| necessitative
|
kütgi
|
kütmeği
|
| conditional
|
kütse
|
kütmese
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
kütel
|
kütmeğel
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
küt
|
kütme
|
| 2nd person
|
kütdoğo
|
kütquma
|
| 3rd person
|
kütqoğı
|
kütmeği
|
| infinitive
|
kütgüsi
|
kütmeğüsi
|
| manner noun
|
kütüş
|
kütmeş
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
kütgen
|
kütmeğen
|
| perfective
|
kütmiş
|
kütmemiş
|
| prospective
|
kütgüsi
|
kütmeğüsi
|
| agent noun
|
kütgüci
|
kütmeğüci
|
|
|
converbs
|
| purposive converb
|
kütme
|
| posterior converb
|
kütgü, kütceni
|
| anterior converb
|
kütgünçük
|
| iterative converb
|
küte-küte
|
| immediate posterior converb
|
kütgüşli
|
| causal converb
|
kütceni
|
| prospective converb
|
kütgüdene
|
question conjugation
| question conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
|
|
experimental1
|
inferential2
|
experimental
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
küter-(m)i
|
küter-(m)o
|
kütmes-(m)i
|
kütmes-(m)o
|
| continuous
|
kütbır-(m)i
|
kütba-(m)o
|
küt yoxdır-(m)i
|
küt yox-aro
|
| past
|
küt-du,
kütci-mu
|
kütmiş-(m)o
|
kütme-du,
kütmeci-mu
|
kütmemiş-(m)o
|
| future
|
kütgür-(m)i
|
kütge-(m)o
|
kütmeğür-(m)i
|
kütmeğe-(m)o
|
| past perfect
|
kütgen var-(m)i
|
kütgen var-(m)o
|
kütgen yoxdır-(m)i
|
kütgen yox-aro
|
| necessitative
|
kütgi-mu
|
kütmeği-mu
|
| conditional
|
kütse-mu
|
kütmese-mu
|
| imperative
|
1st person plural
|
kütel-mu
|
kütmeğel-mu
|
| 2nd & 3rd person
|
küt-mu
|
kütme-mu
|
| 2nd person
|
kütdoğo-mu
|
kütquma-mu
|
| 3rd person
|
kütqoğı-mu
|
kütmeği-mu
|
| infinitive
|
kütgüsi-mu
|
kütmeğüsi-mu
|
| manner noun
|
kütüş-mu
|
kütmeş-mu
|
| impersonal participle
|
imperfective
|
kütgen-mu
|
kütmeğen-mu
|
| perfective
|
kütmiş-mu
|
kütmemiş-mu
|
| prospective
|
kütgüsi-mu
|
kütmeğüsi-mu
|
| agent noun
|
kütgüci-mu
|
kütmeğüci-mu
|
potential conjugation
| potential conjugation
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
küteler
|
küteler-a
|
kütelmes
|
kütelmes-a
|
| continuous
|
kütelbır
|
kütelba
|
kütel yoxdır,
kütelmır
|
kütel yox-a
|
| past
|
kütelci
|
kütelmiş
|
kütelmeci
|
kütelmemiş
|
| future
|
kütelğür
|
kütelğe
|
kütelmeğür
|
kütelmeğe
|
| past perfect
|
kütelğen var
|
kütelğen var-a
|
kütelğen yoxdır
|
kütelğen yox-a
|
inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
| inceptive–punctual aspectual construction
|
|
|
positive
|
negative
|
| experiential
|
inferential
|
experiential
|
inferential
|
| aorist
|
{{{71}}}
|
{{{72}}}
|
{{{101}}}
|
{{{102}}}
|
| continuous
|
{{{73}}}
|
{{{74}}}
|
{{{103}}},
{{{1031}}}
|
{{{104}}}
|
| past
|
{{{75}}}
|
{{{76}}}
|
{{{105}}}
|
{{{106}}}
|
| future
|
{{{77}}}
|
{{{78}}}
|
{{{107}}}
|
{{{108}}}
|
| past perfect
|
{{{79}}}
|
{{{80}}}
|
{{{109}}}
|
{{{110}}}
|
|
1 The speaker knows the answer to the question, or believes that herself/himself does.
2 The speaker genuinely does not know the answer to the question.
References
- Tenishev, Edhem (1976), “kütgüsi”, in Stroj salárskovo jazyká [Grammar of Salar], Moscow, page 398
- Yakup, Abdurishid (2002), “kyt-”, in An Ili Salar Vocabulary: Introduction and a Provisional Salar-English Lexicon[1], Tokyo: University of Tokyo, →ISBN, page 138
- Ma, Chengjun; Han, Lianye; Ma, Weisheng (December 2010), “köt-”, in 米娜瓦尔 艾比布拉 (Minavar Abibra), editor, 撒维汉词典 (Sāwéihàncídiǎn) [Salar-Uyghur-Chinese dictionary] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Beijing, →ISBN, page 164
- 马伟 (Ma Wei); 朝克 (Chao Ke) (2016), “küt”, in 濒危语言——撒拉语研究 [Endangered Languages - Salar Language Studies], 青海 (Qinghai): 国家社会科学基金项目 (National Social Science Foundation Project), page 287