engrudar

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

engrudir

Etymology

From en- +‎ Latin glūten.

Verb

engrudar

to glue
- 1370, Ramón Lorenzo, editor, Crónica troiana, page 398:
  Et el tragía en sua mão hũ arco, en que nõ auj́a madeyra, mays era todo feyto de coyros cruus et de neruos engrudidos per grãde arte et per grã maestría.
  And he brought a bow in the hand, with no wood in it, but made wholly with fresh hides and tendons glued with great knowledge and mastership

Conjugation

Conjugation of engrudar

gerund		compound		gerund of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
infinitive				engrudar
gerund		simple		engrudando
past participle				singular		plural
		masculine		engrudado		engrudados
		feminine		engrudada		engrudadas
present participle				engrudante		engrudantes
person		singular			plural
person		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	engrudo	engrudas	engruda	engrudamos	engrudades, engrudaes, engrudais, engrudaas, engrudás	engrudan
	imperfect	engrudava	engrudavas	engrudava	engrudavamos, engrudávamos	engrudavades, engrudávades, engrudávaes, engrudávais, engrudávees, engrudáveis	engrudavan
	preterite	engrudei	engrudaste, engrudasche, engrudache	engrudou	engrudamos	engrudastes	engrudaron
	pluperfect	engrudara	engrudaras	engrudara	engrudaramos, engrudáramos	engrudarades, engrudárades, engrudáraes, engrudárais, engrudárees, engrudáreis	engrudaran
	future	engrudarei	engrudarás	engrudará	engrudaremos	engrudaredes, engrudarees, engrudareis, engrudarês	engrudarán
	conditional	engrudaria	engrudarias	engrudaria	engrudariamos, engrudaríamos	engrudariades, engrudaríades, engrudaríaes, engrudaríais, engrudaríees, engrudaríeis	engrudarian
compound tenses	present perfect	present of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	past anterior	preterite of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect anterior	simple pluperfect of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	future perfect	future of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
subjunctive mood		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
simple tenses	present	engrude	engrudes	engrude	engrudemos	engrudedes, engrudees, engrudeis, engrudês	engruden
	imperfect	engrudasse	engrudasses	engrudasse	engrudassemos, engrudássemos	engrudassedes, engrudássedes, engrudássees, engrudásseis	engrudassen
	future	engrudar	engrudares	engrudar	engrudarmos	engrudardes	engrudaren
compound tenses	present perfect	present subjunctive of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
	future perfect	future subjunctive of haver or tẽer¹ + past participle
imperative mood		—	tu	—	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	—
affirmative		—	engruda	—	engrudemos	engrudade, engrudae, engrudai	—
negative		—	non engrudes	—	non engrudemos	non engrudedes, non engrudees, non engrudeis, non engrudês	—
personal infinitive		eu ei	tu	el~ele ela	nos nos outros nos outras	vos vos outros vos outras	eles elas
personal infinitive		engrudar	engrudares	engrudar	engrudarmos	engrudardes	engrudaren
¹ teer and “ter were also used, although all three were less common than haver.

Derived terms

engrudo

References

Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “engrudar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “eng.ud”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Spanish

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /enɡɾuˈdaɾ/ [ẽŋ.ɡɾuˈð̞aɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: en‧gru‧dar

Verb

engrudar (first-person singular present engrudo, first-person singular preterite engrudé, past participle engrudado)

to glue; to paste
Synonym: encolar

Conjugation

Conjugation of engrudar (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

		singular			plural
infinitive			engrudar
gerund			engrudando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		engrudado		engrudada
		plural		engrudados		engrudadas
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	engrudo	engrudas^{^tú} engrudás^{^vos}	engruda	engrudamos	engrudáis	engrudan
	imperfect	engrudaba	engrudabas	engrudaba	engrudábamos	engrudabais	engrudaban
	preterite	engrudé	engrudaste	engrudó	engrudamos	engrudasteis	engrudaron
	future	engrudaré	engrudarás	engrudará	engrudaremos	engrudaréis	engrudarán
	conditional	engrudaría	engrudarías	engrudaría	engrudaríamos	engrudaríais	engrudarían

subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	engrude	engrudes^{^tú} engrudés^{^vos²}	engrude	engrudemos	engrudéis	engruden
	imperfect (ra)	engrudara	engrudaras	engrudara	engrudáramos	engrudarais	engrudaran
	imperfect (se)	engrudase	engrudases	engrudase	engrudásemos	engrudaseis	engrudasen
	future¹	engrudare	engrudares	engrudare	engrudáremos	engrudareis	engrudaren

imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		engruda^{^tú} engrudá^{^vos}	engrude	engrudemos	engrudad	engruden
	negative		no engrudes	no engrude	no engrudemos	no engrudéis	no engruden

¹Rare; now chiefly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tuteo-form for the present subjunctive.

Selected combined forms of engrudar

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive engrudar	dative	engrudarme	engrudarte	engrudarle, engrudarse	engrudarnos	engrudaros	engrudarles, engrudarse
with infinitive engrudar	accusative	engrudarme	engrudarte	engrudarlo, engrudarla, engrudarse	engrudarnos	engrudaros	engrudarlos, engrudarlas, engrudarse

with gerund engrudando	dative	engrudándome	engrudándote	engrudándole, engrudándose	engrudándonos	engrudándoos	engrudándoles, engrudándose
with gerund engrudando	accusative	engrudándome	engrudándote	engrudándolo, engrudándola, engrudándose	engrudándonos	engrudándoos	engrudándolos, engrudándolas, engrudándose

with informal second-person singular tuteo imperative engruda	dative	engrúdame	engrúdate	engrúdale	engrúdanos	not used	engrúdales
	accusative	engrúdame	engrúdate	engrúdalo, engrúdala	engrúdanos	not used	engrúdalos, engrúdalas

with informal second-person singular voseo imperative engrudá	dative	engrudame	engrudate	engrudale	engrudanos	not used	engrudales
	accusative	engrudame	engrudate	engrudalo, engrudala	engrudanos	not used	engrudalos, engrudalas

with formal second-person singular imperative engrude	dative	engrúdeme	not used	engrúdele, engrúdese	engrúdenos	not used	engrúdeles
with formal second-person singular imperative engrude	accusative	engrúdeme	not used	engrúdelo, engrúdela, engrúdese	engrúdenos	not used	engrúdelos, engrúdelas

with first-person plural imperative engrudemos	dative	not used	engrudémoste	engrudémosle	engrudémonos	engrudémoos	engrudémosles
with first-person plural imperative engrudemos	accusative	not used	engrudémoste	engrudémoslo, engrudémosla	engrudémonos	engrudémoos	engrudémoslos, engrudémoslas

with informal second-person plural imperative engrudad	dative	engrudadme	not used	engrudadle	engrudadnos	engrudaos	engrudadles
with informal second-person plural imperative engrudad	accusative	engrudadme	not used	engrudadlo, engrudadla	engrudadnos	engrudaos	engrudadlos, engrudadlas

with formal second-person plural imperative engruden	dative	engrúdenme	not used	engrúdenle	engrúdennos	not used	engrúdenles, engrúdense
with formal second-person plural imperative engruden	accusative	engrúdenme	not used	engrúdenlo, engrúdenla	engrúdennos	not used	engrúdenlos, engrúdenlas, engrúdense

Related terms

engrudo

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

Etymology

Verb

Conjugation

Derived terms

References

Spanish

Pronunciation

Verb

Conjugation

Related terms

Further reading