cruinnigh
Irish
Etymology
From cruinn (“round, compact”) + -igh (verbal suffix).
Pronunciation
- (Munster) IPA(key): (Waterford, Cork) /ˈkɾˠiɲɪɟ/, (Kerry) /ˈkɾˠinʲɪɟ/
- (Connacht) IPA(key): /ˈkɾˠin̠ʲə/, /ˈkɾˠin̠ʲiː/
- (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈkɾˠɨn̠ʲi(ː)/[1]
Verb
cruinnigh (present analytic cruinníonn, future analytic cruinneoidh, verbal noun cruinniú, past participle cruinnithe) (ambitransitive)
Conjugation
| indicative | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present | cruinním | cruinníonn tú; cruinnír† |
cruinníonn sé, sí | cruinnímid; cruinníonn muid |
cruinníonn sibh | cruinníonn siad; cruinníd† |
a chruinníonn; a chruinníos | cruinnítear |
| past | chruinnigh mé; chruinníos | chruinnigh tú; chruinnís | chruinnigh sé, sí | chruinníomar; chruinnigh muid | chruinnigh sibh; chruinníobhair | chruinnigh siad; chruinníodar | a chruinnigh | cruinníodh |
| past habitual | chruinnínn / cruinnínn‡ |
chruinníteá / cruinníteᇠ|
chruinníodh sé, sí / cruinníodh sé, sí‡ |
chruinnímis; chruinníodh muid / cruinnímis‡; cruinníodh muid‡ |
chruinníodh sibh / cruinníodh sibh‡ |
chruinnídís; chruinníodh / cruinnídís‡; cruinníodh siad‡ |
a chruinníodh | chruinnítí / cruinnítí‡ |
| singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| future | cruinneoidh mé; cruinneod; cruinneochaidh mé† |
cruinneoidh tú; cruinneoir†; cruinneochaidh tú† |
cruinneoidh sé, sí; cruinneochaidh sé, sí† |
cruinneoimid; cruinneoidh muid; cruinneochaimid†; cruinneochaidh muid† |
cruinneoidh sibh; cruinneochaidh sibh† |
cruinneoidh siad; cruinneoid†; cruinneochaidh siad† |
a chruinneoidh; a chruinneos; a chruinneochaidh†; a chruinneochas† | cruinneofar; cruinneochar† |
| conditional | chruinneoinn; chruinneochainn† / cruinneoinn‡; cruinneochainn†‡ |
chruinneofá; chruinneochthᆠ/ cruinneofá‡; cruinneochthᆇ |
chruinneodh sé, sí; chruinneochadh sé, sí† / cruinneodh sé, sí‡; cruinneochadh sé, s톇 |
chruinneoimis; chruinneodh muid; chruinneochaimis†; chruinneochadh muid† / cruinneoimis‡; cruinneodh muid‡; cruinneochaimis†‡; cruinneochadh muid†‡ |
chruinneodh sibh; chruinneochadh sibh† / cruinneodh sibh‡; cruinneochadh sibh†‡ |
chruinneoidís; chruinneodh siad; chruinneochaidís†; chruinneochadh siad† / cruinneoidís‡; cruinneodh siad‡; cruinneochaidís†‡; cruinneochadh siad†‡ |
a chruinneodh; a chruinneochadh† | chruinneofaí; chruinneochthaí† / cruinneofaí‡; cruinneochtha톇 |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present | go gcruinní mé; go gcruinníod† |
go gcruinní tú; go gcruinnír† |
go gcruinní sé, sí | go gcruinnímid; go gcruinní muid |
go gcruinní sibh | go gcruinní siad; go gcruinníd† |
— | go gcruinnítear |
| past | dá gcruinnínn | dá gcruinníteá | dá gcruinníodh sé, sí | dá gcruinnímis; dá gcruinníodh muid |
dá gcruinníodh sibh | dá gcruinnídís; dá gcruinníodh siad |
— | dá gcruinnítí |
| imperative | singular | plural | direct relative | autonomous | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| — | cruinním | cruinnigh | cruinníodh sé, sí | cruinnímis | cruinnígí; cruinnídh† |
cruinnídís | — | cruinnítear |
| past participle | cruinnithe | |||||||
| verbal noun | cruinniú | |||||||
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
- Alternative verbal nouns: cruinneáil, cruinneáilt, cruinneál
Synonyms
- (gather): bailigh
Mutation
| radical | lenition | eclipsis |
|---|---|---|
| cruinnigh | chruinnigh | gcruinnigh |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.
References
- ^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906), A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 194
Further reading
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cruinnigid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1927), “cruinniġim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 2nd edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 275; reprinted with additions 1996, →ISBN
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “cruinnigh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN