ciallaigh

Irish

Alternative forms

cialluigh (superseded)^[1]

Etymology

From Middle Irish cíallaigid.^[2] By surface analysis, ciall (“meaning”) +‎ -igh. Cognate with Scottish Gaelic ciallaich and Manx keeayllaghey.

Pronunciation

(Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈciəl̪ˠɪɟ/
(Connacht) IPA^(key): /ˈciəl̪ˠiː/
(Ulster) IPA^(key): /ˈciəl̪ˠi(ː)/

Verb

ciallaigh (present analytic ciallaíonn, future analytic ciallóidh, verbal noun ciallú, past participle ciallaithe)

to mean, signify
to imply (suggest by logical inference)
(dated) to explain, interpret

Conjugation

Conjugation of *ciallaigh* (second conjugation)
indicative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
indicative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	ciallaím	ciallaíonn tú; ciallaír^†	ciallaíonn sé, sí	ciallaímid; ciallaíonn muid	ciallaíonn sibh	ciallaíonn siad; ciallaíd^†	a chiallaíonn; a chiallaíos	ciallaítear
past	chiallaigh mé; chiallaíos	chiallaigh tú; chiallaís	chiallaigh sé, sí	chiallaíomar; chiallaigh muid	chiallaigh sibh; chiallaíobhair	chiallaigh siad; chiallaíodar	a chiallaigh	ciallaíodh
past habitual	chiallaínn / ciallaínn^‡	chiallaíteá / ciallaíteá^‡	chiallaíodh sé, sí / ciallaíodh sé, sí^‡	chiallaímis; chiallaíodh muid / ciallaímis^‡; ciallaíodh muid^‡	chiallaíodh sibh / ciallaíodh sibh^‡	chiallaídís; chiallaíodh / ciallaídís^‡; ciallaíodh siad^‡	a chiallaíodh	chiallaítí / ciallaítí^‡

	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
future	ciallóidh mé; ciallód; ciallóchaidh mé^†	ciallóidh tú; ciallóir^†; ciallóchaidh tú^†	ciallóidh sé, sí; ciallóchaidh sé, sí^†	ciallóimid; ciallóidh muid; ciallóchaimid^†; ciallóchaidh muid^†	ciallóidh sibh; ciallóchaidh sibh^†	ciallóidh siad; ciallóid^†; ciallóchaidh siad^†	a chiallóidh; a chiallós; a chiallóchaidh^†; a chiallóchas^†	ciallófar; ciallóchar^†
conditional	chiallóinn; chiallóchainn^† / ciallóinn^‡; ciallóchainn^†^‡	chiallófá; chiallóchthá^† / ciallófá^‡; ciallóchthá^†^‡	chiallódh sé, sí; chiallóchadh sé, sí^† / ciallódh sé, sí^‡; ciallóchadh sé, sí^†^‡	chiallóimis; chiallódh muid; chiallóchaimis^†; chiallóchadh muid^† / ciallóimis^‡; ciallódh muid^‡; ciallóchaimis^†^‡; ciallóchadh muid^†^‡	chiallódh sibh; chiallóchadh sibh^† / ciallódh sibh^‡; ciallóchadh sibh^†^‡	chiallóidís; chiallódh siad; chiallóchaidís^†; chiallóchadh siad^† / ciallóidís^‡; ciallódh siad^‡; ciallóchaidís^†^‡; ciallóchadh siad^†^‡	a chiallódh; a chiallóchadh^†	chiallófaí; chiallóchthaí^† / ciallófaí^‡; ciallóchthaí^†^‡

subjunctive	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
subjunctive	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
present	go gciallaí mé; go gciallaíod^†	go gciallaí tú; go gciallaír^†	go gciallaí sé, sí	go gciallaímid; go gciallaí muid	go gciallaí sibh	go gciallaí siad; go gciallaíd^†	—	go gciallaítear
past	dá gciallaínn	dá gciallaíteá	dá gciallaíodh sé, sí	dá gciallaímis; dá gciallaíodh muid	dá gciallaíodh sibh	dá gciallaídís; dá gciallaíodh siad	—	dá gciallaítí

imperative	singular			plural			direct relative	autonomous
imperative	first	second	third	first	second	third	direct relative	autonomous
—	ciallaím	ciallaigh	ciallaíodh sé, sí	ciallaímis	ciallaígí; ciallaídh^†	ciallaídís	—	ciallaítear

past participle	ciallaithe

verbal noun	ciallú

^† archaic or dialect form
^‡ dependent form

Alternative verbal noun: ciallachadh

Synonyms

(explain, interpret): mínigh, léirmhínigh

Mutation

Mutated forms of *ciallaigh*
radical	lenition	eclipsis
ciallaigh	chiallaigh	gciallaigh

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ “ciallaigh”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “cíallaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language