ciąć

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *tęti. First attested in the 14th century.

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /t͡ɕʲɑ̃t͡ɕʲ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /t͡ɕʲɑ̃t͡ɕʲ/

ciąć impf or pf

1. (transitive, attested in Greater Poland) to cut, to hew off; to remove by cutting
   • 1959 [1393], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 155, Poznań:

     Ne pital Sandziwoya […] vlodarza, keydi czal kmecza

     [Nie pytał Sędziwoja […] włodarza, kiedy ciął kmiecia]

   • 1901 [1471], Materiały i Prace Komisji Językowej Akademii Umiejętności w Krakowie, volume V, page 121:

     Tny abscide

     [Tni abscide]

   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[1], page 702:

     O tem yako myly Cristus tamo yste v Annascha barzo trudno byth czyatemy drvy[e]

     [O tem, jako miły Cristus tamo iste u Annasza barzo trudno bit ciętemi drwy]

   • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa‎^[2], page 702:

     Vzyavschy czyąte drevno y byly po szyy y po yego svyatey glovye, aze vschytka opuchla

     [Wziąwszy cięte drewno i bili po szyi i po jego świętej głowie, aże wszytka opuchła]

• Polish: ciąć
• Silesian: ciōńć

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “ciąć”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Mańczak, Witold (2017), “ciąć”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “ciąć”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “ciąć”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
• K. Nitsch, editor (1955), “ciąć”, in Słownik staropolski (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw: Polish Academy of Sciences, page 282
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ciąć”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Inherited from Old Polish ciąć.

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔɲt͡ɕ
• Syllabification: ciąć

ciąć impf

1. (transitive) to cut (to separate into pieces or to create holes in something with a sharp tool) [with na (+ accusative) ‘into what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘into what’; or with instrumental ‘with what’]

   Synonyms: ciachać, rzezać, rżnąć

2. (transitive) to cut (to hit with something sharp or thin) [with instrumental ‘with what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘in what body part’; or with po (+ locative) ‘in what body part’]

   Synonyms: rąbać, siec, smagać

   Tnie maśkare na drobny mak. (Far Masovian, Przasnysz)

   He's cutting his ugly mug to smithereens.

   1. (transitive, Kuyavia) to cut (to mow e.g. grass, a field)

      Synonym: kosić

      ciąć łąkę ― to cut a meadow

   2. (transitive, obsolete) to cut (to chop trees)

      Synonym: rąbać

   3. (transitive, Middle Polish) to cut (to kill with a melee weapon)

      Hypernym: zabijać

3. (transitive) to cut (to limit the size of something, e.g. costs, by eliminating certain parts of it) [with dative ‘for whom’]

   Synonym: kroić

   Jakci go cion kole pasa. (Near Mazovian, Jagodne) ― When he cut it around the belt.

4. (transitive) to sting (of e.g. a bug, to hurt by pricking or stinging)

   Synonyms: gryźc, kąsać, kłuć

5. (intransitive) to cut (of e.g. rain, wind, to hit hard by falling diagonally or blowing from the side) [with instrumental ‘with what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘in what body part’; or with po (+ locative) ‘in what body part’]

   Synonyms: siec, zacinać

6. (transitive) to cut (to divide space or mark a surface)

   Synonyms: kroić, przecinać

7. (transitive, colloquial) to rip (to do with enthusiasm; especially to perform music)

   Synonyms: rżnąć, ucinać, urzynać

8. (intransitive, colloquial) to fly (to operate or ride in a vehicle or horse very quickly)
9. (intransitive) to shoot; to card (to play card games) [with w (+ accusative) ‘what game’]

   Synonyms: grać, rżnąć

10. (intransitive) to cut (to break through something quickly, with force; to be clearly visible against something)
11. (transitive) to cut (to say something boldly and openly regardless if the statement is hurtful)

    Synonym: docinać

12. (intransitive, obsolete) to fly (to run quickly)
13. (reflexive with się) to cut oneself (to damage one's own body with a sharp object) [with instrumental ‘with what’; or with po (+ locative) ‘what body part’]

    Synonyms: kaleczyć się, krajać się

14. (reflexive with się) to cut each other (to strike one another with edged weapons) [with instrumental ‘with what’]

    Synonyms: siec się, siekać się

15. (reflexive with się, colloquial) to scrap, to scuffle (to fight for something with oneself or with someone else) [with z (+ instrumental) ‘with whom’; or with o (+ accusative) ‘for what’]
16. (reflexive with się, of dogs) to bite each other

    Synonym: gryźć się

17. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to cut each other (to say something to one another boldly and openly regardless if the statement is hurtful)
18. (reflexive with się, obsolete) to shoot; to card (to play card games)
19. (reflexive with się, obsolete, rare) to cut (to be clearly visible against something)
20. (transitive) to cut (to perform an incision)

    Synonyms: kroić, rzezać

21. (reflexive with się) to cut oneself (to deliberately make incisions in one's skin as a form of self-harm)

ciąć pf

1. (transitive) to cut (to hit with something sharp or thin) [with instrumental ‘with what’; or with w (+ accusative) ‘in what body part’; or with po (+ locative) ‘in what body part’]
2. (reflexive with się) to cut oneself (to damage one's own body with a sharp object) [with instrumental ‘with what’; or with po (+ locative) ‘what body part’]
3. (reflexive with się) to cut each other (to strike one another with edged weapons) [with instrumental ‘with what’]

• ciąć in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ciąc się in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ciąć in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “ciąć”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• “CIĄĆ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 18.02.2015
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “ciąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “ciąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
• J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ciąć”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 318
• Jan Karłowicz (1900), “ciąć”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 224
• ciąć in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego