affranchir
French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃiʁ/
Audio: (file) Audio (France (Toulouse)): (file) Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (France): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
affranchir
- (transitive) to free, liberate, enfranchise, emancipate
- (transitive) to discharge, exempt
- (transitive) to prepay (postage), frank (a letter)
- (slang, transitive) to pervert
- (slang, transitive) to inform
- (reflexive) to release or free oneself
Conjugation
This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.
Conjugation of affranchir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | affranchir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | affranchissant /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | affranchi /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | affranchis /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchis /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchit /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchissons /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɔ̃/ |
affranchissez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.se/ |
affranchissent /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
| imperfect | affranchissais /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ |
affranchissais /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ |
affranchissait /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ |
affranchissions /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/ |
affranchissiez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/ |
affranchissaient /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | affranchis /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchis /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchit /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchîmes /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃim/ |
affranchîtes /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃit/ |
affranchirent /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃiʁ/ | |
| future | affranchirai /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁe/ |
affranchiras /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁa/ |
affranchira /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁa/ |
affranchirons /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɔ̃/ |
affranchirez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁe/ |
affranchiront /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | affranchirais /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ |
affranchirais /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ |
affranchirait /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ |
affranchirions /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁjɔ̃/ |
affranchiriez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁje/ |
affranchiraient /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | affranchisse /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
affranchisses /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
affranchisse /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
affranchissions /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/ |
affranchissiez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/ |
affranchissent /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
| imperfect2 | affranchisse /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
affranchisses /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ |
affranchît /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
affranchissions /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sjɔ̃/ |
affranchissiez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sje/ |
affranchissent /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃis/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | affranchis /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi/ |
— | affranchissons /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.sɔ̃/ |
affranchissez /a.fʁɑ̃.ʃi.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
- affranchissable
- affranchissement
Further reading
- “affranchir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012