Reconstruction:Proto-Yeniseian/ceŋʷ

This Proto-Yeniseian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Yeniseian

Etymology

Compared to Proto-Athabaskan *tsiʼ (“head”),[1] Navajo atsiiʼ (“head”), Eyak tsĩˀ-də- (“neck”, literally “head-NOUN CLASSIFIER”) and Tlingit shá (“head”).[2]

Noun

*ceŋʷ (plural *ceŋʷ-Vŋ)

  1. (anatomy) head

Alternative reconstructions

  • *tʲʌg (per Werner 2002)
  • *c[ɨ]ʔɢ (“head”), *cǝŋe (“hair”) (per Starostin 1994-2005)[3]
  • *tʲʌg, *tʲɯˀ (per Vajda-Werner 2022)
  • *cewŋʷ (per Fortescue-Vajda 2022)

Descendants

  • Ketic:
    • Imbak Ket: tɨ (tɨ) (M., W., Kl., VW.)
      • Imbak Ket: tь' (Don., recorded in 1955)
      • Ket: туʼ (tuˀ), туʼӈ (tuˀŋ), тыʼ (tɨˀ), тыʼӈ (tɨˀŋ) (Northern dialects)[4]
    • ⇒ Imbak Ket: tiebeleŋ kaijä (tiebeleŋ kaijä, “curly head”) (C.)
      • Ket: тыбуль (tɨ́bulʲ, “curl, frizzy curl, locket of hair”)[5]
    • ⇒ Ket: тъӈнась (tʌ́ŋnas, “pillow”, literally “head-?”)
    • Ostyak Yug: čig (čig) (M.)
      • Yug: чыʼ (čɨˀ), чәʼӈ (čɤˀŋ), чәӈ (čɤ̄ŋ)
  • Kottic:
    • Assan: tó-gaj (M., W., Kl., VW.), ta-gáj (W.), ta-kaj (Kl.)
    • Kott: ta-gáj (M., W., Kl., VW.), ta-gaj (C., H.), ta-kaj (C.)
  • Arinic:
    • ⇒ Arin: ke-dake (C.)
    • ⇒ Arin: ol-kä (Str.)
  • ⇒ Proto-Yeniseian: *ceŋʷ-qaxʷ (“hair”, literally “head-fur”)[6][7]
    • Ketic:[8]
      • Imbak Ket: töŋe (töŋe) (M., W.), tɛŋe (tɛŋe) (VW.), tɨn (tɨn) (Ad.)
        • Ket: тәӈ (tɤ̄ˑŋ) (Southern and Central dialects), тәӈэ (tɤ̄ˑŋɛ) (Northern dialects)
      • Yug: чәӈ (čɤ̄ŋ)
    • Kottic:
      • Assan: xingájan (M., W., Kl., VW.), xɨnajan (Kl.)
      • Kott: híŋajan (M., W., VW.), hiŋajan (Kl., W.), inagaj (H.), heŋai (C.)
    • Arinic:
      • Arin: kegan (H.), q'ágaŋ (M., W., Kl., VW.), qiágaŋ (W.)
    • Pumpokolic:
      • Pumpokol: chünga (M.), xɨ́ŋa (W., VW.), qɨŋa (Kl.)

See also

  • Proto-Yeniseian entry guidelines § Bibliography

References

  1. ^ Leer, Jeff (1996), Comparative Athabaskan Lexicon‎[1], volume tse-tsu, Alaska Native Language Archive, page 47
  2. ^ Twitchell, X̱ʼunei Lance (2020), Tlingit Online Dictionary, Juneau, Alaska: Independently published, supported by Goldbelt Heritage Foundation and the University of Alaska Southeast, →ISBN, page 293
  3. ^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=246&root=config
  4. ^ Not found in Kotorova (2015).
  5. ^ Kotorova, Elizaveta; Nefedov, Andrey (2015), Большой словарь кетского языка, Münich: LINCOM, →ISBN, page 380
  6. ^ https://starlingdb.org/cgi-bin/response.cgi?single=1&basename=%2fDATA%2fYENISEY%2fYENET&text_number=244&root=config
  7. ^ Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*tʲʌ̄ˑŋʌ”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 2, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 960
  8. ^ Second part of the compound dropped in the Ketic branch, but prevented the coda *-ŋʷ from eliding.

Further reading

  • Bonmann, Svenja; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Hill, Eugen (2023), “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part I: Word-Initial Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[2], number 5, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 39-82
  • Hill, Eugen; Fries, Simon; Korobzow, Natalie; Günther, Laura; Svenja, Bonmann (2024), “Towards a New Reconstruction of the Proto-Yeniseian Sound System. Part II: Word-Final Consonants”, in International Journal of Eurasian Linguistics‎[3], number 6, Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, pages 216-293
  • Fortescue, Michael; Vajda, Edward (2022), “60.) ~*cejŋʷ”, in Mid-Holocene Language Connections between Asia and North America (Brill's Studies in the Indigenous Languages of the Americas; 17)‎[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 354
  • Vajda, Edward; Werner, Heinrich (2022), “*tʲɯˀ (1)< *tʲʌg”, in Comparative-Historical Yeniseian Dictionary (Languages of the World/Dictionaries; 79, 80), volume 2, Muenchen: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN, page 960
  • Vajda, Edward (2024), “*ceŋʷ-qaxʷ”, in The Languages and Linguistics of Northern Asia: Language Families (The World of Linguistics [WOL]; 10.1)‎[5], volume 1, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →DOI, →ISBN, page 418
  • Werner, Heinrich (2002), “2čɨˀ”, in Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der Jenissej-Sprachen, volume 1, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 167
  • Werner, Heinrich (2005), “hair (capillus), head”, in Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, pages 300-301
This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.