Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pīnōn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

    From *pīnā (“torment, pain”) +‎ *-ōn.

    Verb

    *pīnōn

    1. to torture, torment

    Inflection

    Class 2 weak
    Infinitive *pīnōn
    1st sg. past *pīnōdā
    Infinitive *pīnōn
    Genitive infin. *pīnōnijas
    Dative infin. *pīnōnijē
    Instrum. infin. *pīnōniju
    Indicative Present Past
    1st singular *pīnō *pīnōdā
    2nd singular *pīnōs *pīnōdēs, *pīnōdōs
    3rd singular *pīnōþ *pīnōdē, *pīnōdā
    1st plural *pīnōm *pīnōdum
    2nd plural *pīnōþ *pīnōdud
    3rd plural *pīnōnþ *pīnōdun
    Subjunctive Present Past
    1st singular *pīnō *pīnōdī
    2nd singular *pīnōs *pīnōdī
    3rd singular *pīnō *pīnōdī
    1st plural *pīnōm *pīnōdīm
    2nd plural *pīnōþ *pīnōdīd
    3rd plural *pīnōn *pīnōdīn
    Imperative Present
    Singular *pīnō
    Plural *pīnōþ
    Present Past
    Participle *pīnōndī *pīnōd

    Descendants

    • Old English: pīnian
      • Middle English: pynen, pine, pyne, pynyn, pinenn, pinin (Early Middle English), pini (Kent, Southern)
        • English: pine
        • Middle Scots: pyne
    • Old High German: pīnōn
      • Middle High German: pīnen
        • German: peinen (archaic, dialectal)
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