Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/laggjan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *lagjaną.

Verb

*laggjan^[1]

to lay, to place

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*laggjan
1st sg. past	*lagidā
Infinitive	*laggjan
Genitive infin.	*laggjannjas
Dative infin.	*laggjannjē
Instrum. infin.	*laggjannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*laggju	*lagidā
2nd singular	*lagisi	lagidēs, lagidōs
3rd singular	*lagiþi	lagidē, lagidā
1st plural	*laggjum	*lagidum
2nd plural	*lagiþ	*lagidud
3rd plural	*laggjanþ	*lagidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*laggjē	*lagidī
2nd singular	*laggjēs	*lagidī
3rd singular	*laggjē	*lagidī
1st plural	*laggjēm	*lagidīm
2nd plural	*laggjēþ	*lagidīd
3rd plural	*laggjēn	*lagidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*lagi
Plural	*lagiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*laggjandī	*lagid

Descendants

Old English: leċġan
- Middle English: leyen, leyn, leygen, layn, leggen, leghen, lecchen
  - English: lay
  - Scots: lay
  - Yola: laaye, laay
Old Frisian: ledza, lega, leia, lidza
- Saterland Frisian: ledsa, lääse
- West Frisian: lizze
Old Saxon: leggian
- Middle Low German: leggen
  - German Low German: leggen
  - Plautdietsch: lajen
Old Dutch: leggen
- Middle Dutch: leggen
  - Dutch: leggen
    - Afrikaans: lê
    - Berbice Creole Dutch: lek
    - Negerhollands: lee, leggen
    - Skepi Creole Dutch: lek
  - Limburgish: lègke
Old High German: legen, leggen
- Middle High German: legen, lecken
  - Bavarian: leng
    Cimbrian: leng
  - Central Franconian: läje
  - East Central German: lejen
  - German: legen
  - Luxembourgish: leeën
  - Vilamovian: łen
  - Yiddish: לייגן (leygn)
→ Old French: laiier (see there for further descendants)
→ Old Occitan: laihar, laiar
→ Old Italian: lagare

References

^ Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 51: “PWGmc *[lagʲgʲan]”

[1] Ringe, Donald; Taylor, Ann (2014), The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 51: “PWGmc *[lagʲgʲan]”

[1]