Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hrātu

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

    Unknown; possibly from Proto-Germanic *hrētō, from a metathesized form of Proto-Indo-European *ker-d- (“to twist, weave”), suffixed form of *(s)ker- (“to turn, bend”). Cognate with Albanian krodhë (“beehive”). Compare also Proto-Germanic *hrōtą (“roof”) and Proto-Slavic *korda (“pile of logs”).[1]

    Noun

    *hrātu f

    1. honeycomb

    Reconstruction notes

    The initial *h- is not attested in any Germanic descendant, however can be reconstructed from the Latin loanword frata, which substituted f- for this sound, as the velar fricative was foreign to Latin.

    Inflection

    ō-stem
    Singular
    Nominative *hrātu
    Genitive *hrātā
    Singular Plural
    Nominative *hrātu *hrātō
    Accusative *hrātā *hrātā
    Genitive *hrātā *hrātō
    Dative *hrātē *hrātōm, *hrātum
    Instrumental *hrātu *hrātōm, *hrātum

    Descendants

    • Old Dutch: rāta
      • Middle Dutch: râte
    • Old High German: rāza
    • → Vulgar Latin: *hrata
      • Old French: ree, raie (dated abt. 1130)
        • Middle French: rayon, royon (“shelf, compartment, honeycomb”)
      • Late Latin: frata (dated 8th-century)

    References

    1. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*xrētō”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 187
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