Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vorgъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *wargás (“foe, enemy”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *Hwergʰ- (“to commit a crime”).

    Noun

    *vȏrgъ m[1][2][3][4]

    1. foe, enemy
      Synonyms: *neprijateľь, *nedrugъ
    Inflection
    Declension of *vȏrgъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm c)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *vȏrgъ *vȏrga *vȏrdzi
    genitive *vȏrga *vorgù *võrgъ
    dative *vȏrgu *vorgomà *vorgòmъ
    accusative *vȏrgъ *vȏrga *vȏrgy
    instrumental *vȏrgъmь, *vȏrgomь* *vorgomà *vorgý
    locative *vȏrdzě *vorgù *vordzě̃xъ
    vocative *vorže *vȏrga *vȏrdzi

    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    Derived terms
    • *vorgovati (“to be in hostile relation”)
    • *voržьda (“animosity”)
    • *voržьjь (“hostile”)
    • *voržati (“to ambush; to curse”)
      • *voržařь (“evil sorcerer”)
    • *voržiti (“to cheat, to deceive”)
    • *vьrčěti (“to grumble, to utter”)
    • *vorčь (“fortune-teller”)
    Descendants
    • East Slavic:
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: врагъ (vragŭ)
        Glagolitic script: ⰲⱃⰰⰳⱏ (vragŭ)
      • Bulgarian: враг (vrag)
      • Macedonian: враг (vrag)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: вра̑г
        Latin script: vrȃg
      • Slovene: vrȃg (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:
    Further reading
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ворог”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ворожить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “враг¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 177

    Etymology 2

      Presumably o-grade of Proto-Slavic *vergti (“to roll; to throw”), from Proto-Indo-European *werg- (“to turn”) or *wergʷ- (“to cast”). Alternatively reconstructed as Proto-Slavic *vьragъ, akin to Proto-Slavic *vьrěti (“to spring”).

      Noun

      *vòrgъ m

      1. ravine, gorge
      Inflection
      Declension of *vorgъ (hard o-stem)
      singular dual plural
      nominative *vorgъ *vorga *vordzi
      genitive *vorga *vorgu *vorgъ
      dative *vorgu *vorgoma *vorgomъ
      accusative *vorgъ *vorga *vorgy
      instrumental *vorgъmь, *vorgomь* *vorgoma *vorgy
      locative *vordzě *vorgu *vordzěxъ
      vocative *vorže *vorga *vordzi

      * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

      Derived terms
      • *ovorgъ/*ovьragъ
      Descendants
      • East Slavic:
      • South Slavic:
        • Bulgarian: враг (vrag, “dale, gorge; large wound”), овра́г (ovrág, “ravine”) (dialectal)
      • Non-Slavic:
        • → Aromanian: vrag (“furrow”)
      Further reading
      • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “овраг”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
      • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “враг²”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 178

      References

      1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*vȏrgъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 527: “m. o (c) ‘foe’”
      2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “vorgъ vorga”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “cb (PR 134); (SA 70, 167; PR 137); d (RPT 105)”
      3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “vrȃg”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*vȏrgъ”
      4. ^ Kapović, Mate (2007), “The Development of Proto-Slavic Quantity”, in Wiener Slavistisches Jahrbuch‎[2], University of Vienna, page 6: “*vȏrgъ”
      This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.