Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/věděti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *waid-, *waistei, from Proto-Indo-European *wóyde (“to have seen, to know”), perfect of *weyd- (“to see”).[1] Cognate with Old Prussian waist (“to know”) (waidimai class 1p. pl.), Ancient Greek οἶδα (oîda), Proto-Germanic *witaną (whence English wit).

    Verb

    *vě̀děti impf[1][2][3]

    1. to know, to be familiar/aware of
    2. to foresee

    Conjugation

    Conjugation of *věděti, *vědě, *věstь (impf., athematic -ě/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
    Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
    *věděnьje *věděti *vědětъ *vědělъ
    Participles
    Tense Past Present
    Passive *věděnъ *vědomъ
    Active *věděvъ *vědy
    Aorist Present
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *věděxъ *vědě *vědě *vě(mь/dě) *věsi *věstь
    Dual *věděxově *věděsta *věděste *věvě *věsta *věste
    Plural *věděxomъ *věděste *věděšę *věmъ *věste *vědętь
    Imperfect Imperative
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *věděaxъ *věděaše *věděaše — *věďь *věďь
    Dual *věděaxově *věděašeta *věděašete *vědivě *vědita —
    Plural *věděaxomъ *věděašete *věděaxǫ *vědimъ *vědite —

    There is partial evidence that *věsti ~ *věděti originally had a different set of inflectional endings from the standardly used active endings. Only 1p. sg. *vědě[4][5] is securely attested, e.g. as part of:

    Old Church Slavonic азъ боукꙑ вѣдѣ глаголи (azŭ buky vědě glagoli, “I know the letters”)

    which is formed by the names of the first five letters of the Glagolitic/Cyrillic alphabet.

    Alternative forms

    • *věsti

    Derived terms

    • *vědati (factitive)
    • *ověsti sę, *ověděti sę (“to get familiar with”)
    • *perdъvěsti, *perdъvěděti (“to prelude”)
    • *pověsti, *pověděti (“to decree, to preach”)
    • *sъvěsti, *sъvěděti (“to notify, to inform”)
    • *vědь (“awareness, prophesy”)
    • *vědьma (“witch”)
    • *vědomъ (“aware”)
    • *věďa, *věděnьje (“knowledge”)
    • *věstь (“message”)
    • *věstъ (“known”)
    • *věščь (“proficient, wise”)

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: вѣдѣти (věděti)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic: вѣдѣти (věděti)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: (Kajkavian) ведети
        Latin script: (Kajkavian) vedeti
      • Slovene: vẹ́deti (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*věděti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 518: “v. ‘know’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “věděti: věmь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c vide (PR 139)”
    3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “vedeti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Slovan. *vě̋děti, sed. *vě(d)mь̏”
    4. ^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ведь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    5. ^ Anikin, A. E. (2012), “ведь”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 174

    Further reading

    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “ве́дать”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 137
    • Anikin, A. E. (2012), “вѣ́дѣти”, in Русский этимологический словарь [Russian Etymological Dictionary] (in Russian), issue 6 (вал – вершок), Moscow: LRC, Manuscript Monuments Ancient Rus, →ISBN, page 165
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ведать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “вям, веш”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 140
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