Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stolъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *stálas (“table; seat, chair”), generally viewed as a derivative of *stati (“to stand”) +‎ *-elъ.[1] Analogous to Proto-Germanic *stōlaz (full-grade), whence Old East Slavic стулъ (stulŭ, “chair”) via Old Norse or early Low German.

    In the past, a relation to Proto-Slavic *stelti, *stьlati (“to spread, to lay”) was considered (e.g. by Mladenov, Machek), with possible cognates Ancient Greek στήλη (stḗlē, “stone block”), στῦλος (stûlos, “pillar”). Nowadays, usually dismissed.

    Noun

    *stòlъ m[1][2][3]

    1. seat (chair or stool)
      Synonyms: *krěslo, *sědědlo
    2. table, stall (possibly secondary)
    3. throne
    4. residence (Should we delete(+) this sense?)

    Declension

    Declension of *stòlъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm b)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *stòlъ *stolà *stolì
    genitive *stolà *stolù *stòlъ
    dative *stolù *stolòma *stolòmъ
    accusative *stòlъ *stolà *stolỳ
    instrumental *stolъ̀mь, *stolòmь* *stolòma *stòly
    locative *stolě̀ *stolù *stòlěxъ
    vocative *stole *stolà *stolì

    * -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

    In Czech, Polish:

    Declension of *stòlъ (u-stem, accent paradigm b)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *stòlъ *stolỳ *stolòve
    genitive *stolù *stolòvu *stolòvъ
    dative *stolòvi *stòlъma *stolъ̀mъ
    accusative *stòlъ *stolỳ *stolỳ
    instrumental *stolъ̀mь *stòlъma *stòlъmī
    locative *stòlu *stolòvu *stolъ̀xъ
    vocative *stolu *stolỳ *stolòve

    Derived terms

    • Nouns:
      • *nastolъ (“stall, stand”)
      • *perstolъ (“throne”)
      • *stolę, *stolьčę (diminutive)
      • *stolikъ, *stolьcь (“stool”)
      • *stolìca (“principal site, cathedra”)
      • *stolina (“bench”)
      • *stolьje
        • *zastolьje (“place for seating”)
        • *podъstolьje (“foundation for seating”)
    • Adjectives:
      • *stolovъ (relational adjective)
        • *stolovatъ, *stolovatьnъ
        • *stolovitъ
        • *stolovъkъ
        • *stolovьnъ
      • *stolьnъ
        • *stolьnina, *stolьnica (“throneroom, court”)
        • *stolьnikъ (“courtier”)
    Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂- (0 c, 21 e)

    Descendants

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “стол”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Todorov, T. A., Racheva, M., editors (2010), “стол¹”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 7 (слòво – теря̀свам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 472

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*stòlъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 468
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “stolъ stola”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b table, chair (NA 118; SA 146f., 172, 177; PR 134)”
    3. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “stol”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *stolъ̏”
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