Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/stǫpenь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From the same root as *stǫpiti (“to step, tread”). Sorbian forms might instead be derived from Proto-Slavic *stǫpьnь and therefore be cognate to dialectal Russian сту́пень (stúpenʹ, “type of footwear”).

    Noun

    *stǫpenь m or f

    1. rung, stair, step
      Synonym: *ščeblь

    Inflection

    Declension of *stǫpenь (i-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpenьje, *stǫpeňe*
    genitive *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьjь, *stǫpeni*
    dative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmъ
    accusative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
    instrumental *stǫpenьmь *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmi
    locative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьxъ
    vocative *stǫpeni *stǫpeni *stǫpenьje, *stǫpeňe*

    * The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Declension of *stǫpenь (i-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
    genitive *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьjь, *stǫpeni*
    dative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmъ
    accusative *stǫpenь *stǫpeni *stǫpeni
    instrumental *stǫpenьjǫ, *stǫpeňǫ* *stǫpenьma *stǫpenьmi
    locative *stǫpeni *stǫpenьju, *stǫpeňu* *stǫpenьxъ
    vocative *stǫpeni *stǫpeni *stǫpeni

    * The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    noun

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Belarusian: ступе́нь (stupjénʹ)
      • Russian: ступе́нь (stupénʹ)
      • Ukrainian: сту́пінь (stúpinʹ)
    • South Slavic:
      • Bulgarian: стъ́пен (stǎ́pen)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: сту̑пањ
        Latin script: stȗpanj
      • Slovene: stȯ́pənj (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:
      • Czech: stupeň
      • Old Slovak: stupeň
      • Sorbian:
        Lower Sorbian: stuṕeń (“felt boot”)
        Upper Sorbian: stupjeń (“felt boot”)

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “ступе́нь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
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