Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/portiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Apparently, from Proto-Indo-European *per- (“to forward, to propagate”),^[1] however, the exact order of derivation is unknown. One plausible explanation is that *portiti is a causative verb of an earlier, unattested t-participle *portъ, from Pre-Slavic *por- +‎ *-tós. Morphologically related to Latin portō (“to carry, bear”) and Proto-Germanic *furþą (“forward”).

Verb

*portiti impf

to send, to dispatch, to emit
Synonym: *sъlati
to follow, to accompany (secondary)

Inflection

Conjugation of *portiti, *porti, *portitь (?, -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*porťenьje	*portiti	*portitъ	*portilъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*porťenъ	*portimъ
Active	*porťь	*portę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*portixъ	*porti	*porti	*porťǫ	*portiši	*portitь
Dual	*portixově	*portista	*portiste	*portivě	*portita	*portite
Plural	*portixomъ	*portiste	*portišę	*portimъ	*portite	*portętь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*porťaaxъ	*porťaaše	*porťaaše	—	*porti	*porti
Dual	*porťaaxově	*porťaašeta	*porťaašete	*portivě	*portita	—
Plural	*porťaaxomъ	*porťaašete	*porťaaxǫ	*portimъ	*portite	—

(*)*portivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle

Derived terms

*jьzportiti (“to send off, to export”)
*naportiti (“to send on”)
*orzportiti (“to send away”)
*otъportiti (“to send out”)
*portenъ (“sent, dispatched”)
*portěnikъ (“sender, emissary”)
*portъka (“shipment, parcel”)
*porťa (“work, deed, job”)
*porťanьje (“farewell”)
*zaportiti (“to forward, to throw”)

Related terms

Descendants

South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: пра́тя (prátja)
- Macedonian: прати pf (prati), праќа impf (praḱa)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: пра̏тити
  
  Latin script: prȁtiti
- Slovene: prátiti, prátiti se

References

^ Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “праца”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1995), “*naportiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 22 (*naděliti – *narodъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 224
Zhuravlyov, A. F., editor (2012), “*otъportiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 38 (*otъpečatati/*otъpečatiti (sę) – *otъtęgnǫti (sę)), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 47
Kurkina L. V. (1977), “Славянские Этимологии. IV”, in Этимология 1975, Moscow, page 19: “С.-хорв. pȑtiti”

[1] Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “праца”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

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