Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/para

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

Etymology

    Deverbal from *pariti,[2][3] a secondary causative from *porěti (“to smolder”).

    Noun

    *pàra f[3][4]

    1. steam, vapour

    Declension

    Declension of *para (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *para *pàrě *pàry
    genitive *pàry *pàru *pàrъ
    dative *pàrě *pàrama *pàramъ
    accusative *pàrǫ *pàrě *pàry
    instrumental *pàrojǫ, *pàrǭ** *pàrama *pàramī
    locative *pàrě *pàru *pàrasъ, *pàraxъ*
    vocative *pàro *pàrě *pàry

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    nouns
    adjectives
    • *parьnъ
    • *pariti (“to steam”)
      • *jьzpariti
      • *opariti
      • *popariti
      • *sъpariti
    • *porěti (“to broil, to smolder”)
    • *prěti (“to damp, to leaven”)

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: пара (para), паръ (parŭ)
    • South Slavic:
    • West Slavic:
      • Old Czech: pára
      • Old Polish: para (“steam”)
        • Polish: para (“steam”)
        • Silesian: para (“steam”)
      • Slovak: para
      • Sorbian:
    • Non-Slavic:

    References

    1. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “parъ”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (RPT 101)”
    2. ^ Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пара”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 31
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Snoj, Marko (2016), “para¹”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *pa̋ra”
    4. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “1para”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[2], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a damp (PR 132; RPT 109)”

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “пар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Duridanov, I. V., Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (1996), “пара”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5 (падѐж – пỳска), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 31
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