Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ortь
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Etymology tree
From Proto-Indo-European *h₃er- (“to stir, rise”)[1] + *-tь. Compare Latvian errueties (“get angry”).
Other Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἔρις (éris, “quarrel”), ἐρίζω (erízō, “to challenge, to dispute”) and Sanskrit ऋति (ṛti, “attack”).
Noun
*ortь f[1]
Declension
| singular | dual | plural | |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ȏrtь | *ȏrti | *ȏrti |
| genitive | *ortí | *ortьjù, *orťu* | *ortь̀jь |
| dative | *ȏrti | *ortьmà | *ȏrtьmъ |
| accusative | *ȏrtь | *ȏrti | *ȏrti |
| instrumental | *ortьjǫ́ | *ortьmà | *ortьmì |
| locative | *ortí | *ortьjù, *orťu* | *ȏrtьxъ |
| vocative | *orti | *ȏrti | *ȏrti |
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Derived terms
- *ortiti (“to battle”)
- *ortišče (“spear, skewer”)
- *ortovati (“to fight, to stand for”)
- *ortьnъ (“combatant”)
- *ortьnikъ (“warrior”)
Related terms
- *ernь (“malice”)
- *ertь (“contest”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
- Czech: rať
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “рать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, O., Zhuravlyov, A. F., editors (2005), “*ortь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 32 (*obžьnъ – *orzbotati), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 214
- Racheva, M., Todorov, T. A., editors (2002), “рат”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 6 (пỳскам – словàр²), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 189
- Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1982–2012), “ortь”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ortь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 376: “f. i ‘war, battle’”