Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/mati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *mā́ˀtē, from Proto-Indo-European *méh₂tēr.

Noun

*màti f^[1]^[2]

mother

Declension

Declension of *màti (r-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*màti	*màteri	*màteri
genitive	*màtere	*màteru	*màterъ
dative	*màteri	*màterьma	*màterьmъ
accusative	*màterь	*màteri	*màteri
instrumental	màterьjǫ, màteřǭ^*	*màterьma	*màterьmī
locative	*màtere	*màteru	*màterьxъ
vocative	*màti	*màteri	*màteri

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

*materinъ
- *materinьskъ
- *materinьstvo
*matъka

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: мати (mati)
  - Old Ruthenian: ма́ти (máti), ма́теръ (máter)
    - Belarusian: ма́ці (máci)
    - Carpathian Rusyn: ма́ти (máty)
    - Ukrainian: ма́ти (máty), ма́тір (mátir)
  - Russian: мать (matʹ), ма́ти (máti) (archaic)
- Old Novgorodian: мати (mati)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Old Cyrillic script: мати (mati)
  
  Glagolitic script: ⰿⰰⱅⰻ (mati)
- Bulgarian: ма́тер (máter) (archaic, obsolete)
  - ⇒ Bulgarian: ма́йка (májka)
- Macedonian: мајка (majka)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ма̏ти
  
  Latin script: mȁti
- Slovene: máti (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: máti, mátě, máť, máteř, mateř (later), matera (rare)
  - Czech: máti
- Old Polish: mać, macierz
  - Polish: mać
  - Polish: macierz
  - Silesian: macierz
- Slovak: mať
- Polabian: motai
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: mac
  - Slovincian: mac
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: maś
  - Upper Sorbian: mać

sěmьja, rodina (“family”)	Male	Female
parent	otъ, otьcь (“father”) nursery: *tata	mati (“mother”) nursery:* *mama
sibling	*bratrъ (“brother”)	*sestra (“sister”)
child	*synъ (“son”)	*dъťi (“daughter”)
grandparent	– (“grandfather”) nursery: dědъ; nana	ova (“grandmother”) nursery:* baba; nena
grandchild	*vъnukъ (“grandson”)	*vъnuka (“granddaughter”)
stepparent	*otьčimъ (“stepfather”)	*maťexa (“stepmother”)
stepchild	*pastorъkъ (“stepson”)	*pastorъka (“stepdaughter”)
father's sibling	strъjь (“paternal uncle”) nursery:* dada; lola	– (“paternal aunt”) nursery: teta; lelja
mother's sibling	ujь (“maternal uncle”) nursery:* dada; lola	– (“maternal aunt”) nursery: teta; lelja
sibling's child	*netьjь (“nephew”)	*nestera (“niece”)
spouse	*mǫžь (“husband”)	*žena (“wife”)
parent of wife	*tьstь (“father-in-law (wife's father)”)	*tьšča (“mother-in-law (wife's mother)”)
parent of husband	*svekrъ (“father-in-law (husband's father)”)	*svekry (“mother-in-law (husband's father)”)
sibling of wife	*šurь (“brother-in-law (wife's brother)”)	svěstь, svьstь (“sister-in-law (wife's sister)”)
sibling of husband	*děverь (“brother-in-law (husband's brother)”)	*zъly (“sister-in-law (husband's sister)”)
spouse of child	*zętь (“son-in-law (daughter's husband)”)	*snъxa (“daughter-in-law (son's wife)”)
spouse of husband's brother	–	*ętry (“sister-in-law (husband's brother's wife)”)

References

^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*màti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 303: “f. r (a) ‘mother’”
^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “mati matere”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “mother (NA 136, 139, 143; SA 18; PR 133)”

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*màti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 303: “f. r (a) ‘mother’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “mati matere”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎^[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “mother (NA 136, 139, 143; SA 18; PR 133)”

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