Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kry

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *krū́ˀs, from Proto-Indo-European *kréwh₂s (“blood of a wound”). Cognate with Lithuanian kraũjas (“blood”), Old Prussian krawian (“blood”), Sanskrit क्रविस् (kravis, “raw meat”), Ancient Greek κρέας (kréas, “meat”), Latin cruor (“thickening, flowing blood from a wound”), Irish cró, Welsh crau (“blood”), Proto-Germanic *hrawaz (whence English raw, German roh, Old Norse hrár (“raw, uncooked”)).

    Noun

    *kry̑ f[1][2]

    1. blood

    Declension

    Declension of *kry̑ (hard v-stem, accent paradigm c)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *kry̑ *krъ̏vi *krъ̏vi
    genitive *krъ̏ve *krъvù *krъ̀vъ
    dative *krъ̏vi *krъvьmà, *krъvàma* *krъ̏vьmъ, *krъ̏vamъ*
    accusative *krъ̏vь *krъ̏vi *krъ̏vi
    instrumental *krъvьjǫ́ *krъvьmà, *krъvàma* *krъvьmì, *krъvamì*
    locative *krъ̏ve *krъvù *krъ̏vьxъ, *krъ̏vaxъ*
    vocative *kry̑ *krъ̏vi *krъ̏vi

    * -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: крꙑ (kry), кръвь (krŭvĭ)
        • Old Ruthenian: кровъ (krov)
        • Russian: кровь (krovʹ)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Old Cyrillic script: крꙑ (kry)
        Glagolitic script: ⰽⱃⱏⰺ (kry)
      • Bulgarian: кръв (krǎv)
      • Macedonian: крв (krv)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: кр̑в
        Latin script: kȓv
        • Slavomolisano: krv
      • Slovene: krȋ (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:

    References

    1. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*kry̑”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 254: “f. ū (c) ‘blood’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “kry krъvi”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 84f.; PR 138; RPT 85)”

    Further reading

    • Derksen, Rick (2008), Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 254
    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “кровь”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “кровь”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 444
    • Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1989), “кроў”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 5 (ка́яць – ліпя́нка), Minsk: Navuka i technika
    • Melnychuk, O. S., editor (1989), “кров”, in Етимологічний словник української мови [Etymological Dictionary of the Ukrainian Language] (in Ukrainian), volume 3 (Кора – М), Kyiv: Naukova Dumka, →ISBN, page 99
    • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1986), “кръв”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 3 (крес¹ – мѝнго¹), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, page 33
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