Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jazvьcь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Balto-Slavic *áiˀźwāˀ

Proto-Slavic *jàzva?

Proto-Indo-European *-ikos

Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ikas

Proto-Slavic *-ьcь

Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ-?

▲

Proto-Slavic *-ьcь

Proto-Slavic *jazvьcь

Disputed:

More likely from *jàzva (“crack”) +‎ *-ьcь (from Proto-Indo-European *Heyǵ(ʰ)-), based on the assumption that *jazva originally meant “hole, burrow” – the dominant aboding place of badgers. Compare related Proto-Slavic *ěskyni (“cave”). Favoured by Vasmer, Trubačev.
From an unattested *jazvъ (“roan?”) +‎ *-ьcь, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyǵ- (“to glare”), perhaps akin to Ancient Greek αἴξ (aíx, “goat”), Old Armenian այծ (ayc, “goat”).

Noun

*jàzvьcь m^[1]

badger

Declension

Declension of *jazvьcь (i-stem, accent paradigm a)
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*jazvьcь	*jazvьci	jazvьcьjē, jazvьčē^*
genitive	*jazvьcī	jazvьcьju, jazvьču^*	jazvьcьjь, jazvьcī^*
dative	*jazvьci	*jazvьcьma	*jazvьcьmъ
accusative	*jazvьcь	*jazvьci	*jazvьci
instrumental	*jazvьcьmь	*jazvьcьma	*jazvьcьmī
locative	*jazvьcī	jazvьcьju, jazvьču^*	*jazvьcьxъ
vocative	*jazvьci	*jazvьci	jazvьcьjē, jazvьčē^*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ꙗзвьць (jazvĭcĭ)
  - Russian: язве́ц (jazvéc)
  - Ukrainian: язве́ць (jazvécʹ)
South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: я́зовец (jázovec)
- Macedonian: ја́зовец (jázovec)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic script: ја̏завац
  
  Latin script: jȁzavac
- Slovene: jazbec (tonal orthography)
West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jězevec
  - Czech: jezevec
- Old Polish: jaźwiec, jeźwiec
  - Polish: jaźwiec, jadźwiéz (Far Masovian, Dreglin), jasc (Far Masovian, Przasnysz County)
  - Silesian: jaźwiec
- Slovak: jazvec
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: jazw

References

^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “jazbec”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ě̋zvьcь”

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “язвец”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1979), “*ězvьcь”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 6 (*e – *golva), Moscow: Nauka, page 58
Gluhak, Alemko (1993), “jazavac”, in Hrvatski etimološki rječnik [Croatian Etymology Dictionary] (in Serbo-Croatian), Zagreb: August Cesarec, →ISBN, page 292

[1] Snoj, Marko (2016), “jazbec”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ě̋zvьcь”

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