Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьgra

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Early Proto-Slavic *ígrā˙,[1] from Proto-Balto-Slavic *ígrāˀ, probably from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ig-réh₂, from *h₂eyg- (“to stir, set in motion”), and cognate with Sanskrit एजति (éjati, “to move, stir”), Ancient Greek αἰγίς (aigís, “aegis shield”). However, the lack of lengthening of the *í in the Proto-Balto-Slavic form is formally concerning due to conflict with Winter's law.[2]

    Noun

    *jьgrà f[2][3]

    1. play, game

    Inflection

    Declension of *jьgrà (hard a-stem, accent paradigm b)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *jьgrà *jь̀grě *jьgrỳ
    genitive *jьgrỳ *jьgrù *jь̀grъ
    dative *jьgrě̀ *jьgràma *jьgràmъ
    accusative *jьgrǫ̀ *jь̀grě *jьgrỳ
    instrumental *jьgròjǫ, *jь̀grǫ** *jьgràma *jьgràmī
    locative *jьgrě̀ *jьgrù *jьgràsъ, *jьgràxъ*
    vocative *jьgro *jь̀grě *jьgrỳ

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Alternative forms

    • *jьgrь

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
    • South Slavic:
    • West Slavic:

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “игра”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jьgra”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 208

    References

    1. ^ Klotz, Emanuel (2017), Urslawisches Wörterbuch [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in German), 1st edition, Wien: Facultas, →ISBN, page 67
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*jьgra; *jьgrь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 209: “f. ā; m. o (b) ‘play, game’”
    3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “jьgra jьgry”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b spil (PR 135)”
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