|
|
This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
|
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Per Derksen, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰowbʰ-éye-ti, causative/iterative of the root *gʰewbʰ-. Compare *gỳbnǫti (“to perish”). Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently; see discussion under Proto-Balto-Slavic *gúbtei.
Verb
*gubìti impf[1][2][3]
- to lose, to mislay
- to destroy, to wreck
Inflection
Conjugation of
*gubiti, *gubi, *gubitь (
impf., -i-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun
|
Infinitive
|
Supine
|
L-participle
|
| *gubľenьje
|
*gubiti
|
*gubitъ
|
*gubilъ
|
|
|
Participles
|
| Tense
|
Past
|
Present
|
| Passive
|
*gubľenъ
|
*gubimъ
|
| Active
|
*gubľь
|
*gubę
|
|
|
Aorist
|
Present
|
| Person
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
1st
|
2nd
|
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*gubixъ |
*gubi |
*gubi
|
*gubľǫ |
*gubiši |
*gubitь
|
| Dual
|
*gubixově |
*gubista |
*gubiste
|
*gubivě |
*gubita |
*gubite
|
| Plural
|
*gubixomъ |
*gubiste |
*gubišę
|
*gubimъ |
*gubite |
*gubętь
|
|
|
Imperfect
|
Imperative
|
| Person
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
1st |
2nd |
3rd
|
| Singular
|
*gubľaaxъ |
*gubľaaše |
*gubľaaše
|
— |
*gubi |
*gubi
|
| Dual
|
*gubľaaxově |
*gubľaašeta |
*gubľaašete
|
*gubivě |
*gubita |
—
|
| Plural
|
*gubľaaxomъ |
*gubľaašete |
*gubľaaxǫ
|
*gubimъ |
*gubite |
—
|
Notes: - (*)*gubivъ is a later doublet of the past active participle
Derived terms
- *pogubiti
- *zagubiti
- *jьzgubiti
- *gъbežь (“bend, joint”)
- *gъbnǫti (“to bend”)
- *gybati (“to perish? to bend? to break?”)
- *gỳbnǫti (“to perish”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: губити (gubiti) (accent paradigm c)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: гоубити (gubiti)
- Glagolitic: ⰳⱆⰱⰻⱅⰻ (gubiti)
- Bulgarian: гу́бя (gúbja)
- Macedonian: губи (gubi)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: гу̀бити
- Latin script: gùbiti
- Slovene: gubīti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Czech: hubit
- Polabian: ďaibĕt
- Polish: gubić
- Pomeranian:
- Kashubian: gùbic
- Slovincian: gúbjic
- Slovak: hubiť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hubić
- Lower Sorbian: gubiś
Further reading
- Chernykh, P. Ja. (1999), “ги́бнуть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 186
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “губи́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gubiti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 7 (*golvačь – *gyžati), Moscow: Nauka, page 166
References
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*gubìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 195: “v. (c) ‘destroy’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “gubiti: gubjǫ gubitь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c ødelægge (SA 240, 259; PR 139)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “gubīti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “pslovan. *gubi̋ti”