Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/davьnъ
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Formed as *davě (“ago, recently”) + *-ьnъ, with no certain relatives outside of Slavic. Possibly reflecting an ō-grade of Proto-Indo-European *dewh₂-, akin to Proto-Germanic *tawjaną (“to complete”). More often compared to Proto-Indo-Iranian *duHrás (“long, far”), Ancient Greek δηρός (dērós, “long”), and Latin dūrus (“durable”) (whence descends English during), which reflect instead the metathesis *dweh₂-.
It is uncertain if Old Church Slavonic одѣвѣ (oděvě, “recently”) is related or not to the ō-grade lemma. According to BER, the two lemmas are akin, but this view is sometimes challenged.[1]
Adjective
Inflection
Accent paradigm b.
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *davьnъ | *davьna | *davьno |
| genitive | *davьna | *davьny | *davьna |
| dative | *davьnu | *davьně | *davьnu |
| accusative | *davьnъ | *davьnǫ | *davьno |
| instrumental | *davьnomь | *davьnojǫ | *davьnomь |
| locative | *davьně | *davьně | *davьně |
| vocative | *davьne | *davьno | *davьno |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *davьna | *davьně | *davьně |
| genitive | *davьnu | *davьnu | *davьnu |
| dative | *davьnoma | *davьnama | *davьnoma |
| accusative | *davьna | *davьně | *davьně |
| instrumental | *davьnoma | *davьnama | *davьnoma |
| locative | *davьnu | *davьnu | *davьnu |
| vocative | *davьna | *davьně | *davьně |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *davьni | *davьny | *davьna |
| genitive | *davьnъ | *davьnъ | *davьnъ |
| dative | *davьnomъ | *davьnamъ | *davьnomъ |
| accusative | *davьny | *davьny | *davьna |
| instrumental | *davьny | *davьnami | *davьny |
| locative | *davьněxъ | *davьnaxъ | *davьněxъ |
| vocative | *davьni | *davьny | *davьna |
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *davьnъjь | *davьnaja | *davьnoje |
| genitive | *davьnajego | *davьnyję̇ | *davьnajego |
| dative | *davьnujemu | *davьněji | *davьnujemu |
| accusative | *davьnъjь | *davьnǫjǫ | *davьnoje |
| instrumental | *davьnyjimь | *davьnǫjǫ | *davьnyjimь |
| locative | *davьnějemь | *davьněji | *davьnějemь |
| vocative | *davьnъjь | *davьnaja | *davьnoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *davьnaja | *davьněji | *davьněji |
| genitive | *davьnuju | *davьnuju | *davьnuju |
| dative | *davьnyjima | *davьnyjima | *davьnyjima |
| accusative | *davьnaja | *davьněji | *davьněji |
| instrumental | *davьnyjima | *davьnyjima | *davьnyjima |
| locative | *davьnuju | *davьnuju | *davьnuju |
| vocative | *davьnaja | *davьněji | *davьněji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *davьniji | *davьnyję̇ | *davьnaja |
| genitive | *davьnъjixъ | *davьnъjixъ | *davьnъjixъ |
| dative | *davьnyjimъ | *davьnyjimъ | *davьnyjimъ |
| accusative | *davьnyję̇ | *davьnyję̇ | *davьnaja |
| instrumental | *davьnyjimi | *davьnyjimi | *davьnyjimi |
| locative | *davьnyjixъ | *davьnyjixъ | *davьnyjixъ |
| vocative | *davьniji | *davьnyję̇ | *davьnaja |
Alternative forms
- *davьňь (East Slavic)
Derived terms
- *davьnostь (“remoteness, limitation”)
- *davьnina (“antiquity”)
- *otъdavьna (“since/from long ago”)
Related terms
- *oděvě (“recently”) (possibly)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- West Slavic:
References
- ^ Georgiev, Vladimir I., Duridanov, I. V., editors (1995), “одеве”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 4 (мѝнго² – па̀дам), Sofia: Prof. Marin Drinov Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 796
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008), “*davьnъ; *davьņь”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 97: “adj. o ‘ancient, past’”
- ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “dav-”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b ancient (PR 136)”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016), “dáven”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*dávьnъ”
Further reading
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “да́вний”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*davě”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 198
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*davьnъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 200
- Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “давно”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 312