Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/biti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    From Proto-Balto-Slavic *bī́ˀtei, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰih₂yéti.[1]

    Verb

    *bìti impf[1][2]

    1. to beat

    Inflection

    Conjugation of *biti, *bi(tъ), *bьjetь (impf., -V-, t-aorist, accent paradigm a)
    Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
    *bitьje *biti *bitъ *bilъ
    Participles
    Tense Past Present
    Passive *bitъ *bьjemъ
    Active *bivъ *bьję
    Aorist Present
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *bixъ *bi(tъ) *bi(tъ) *bьjǫ *bьješi *bьjetь
    Dual *bixově *bista *biste *bьjevě *bьjeta *bьjete
    Plural *bixomъ *biste *bišę *bьjemъ *bьjete *bьjǫtь
    Imperfect Imperative
    Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
    Singular *bьjaaxъ *bьjaaše *bьjaaše — *bьji *bьji
    Dual *bьjaaxově *bьjaašeta *bьjaašete *bьjivě *bьjita —
    Plural *bьjaaxomъ *bьjaašete *bьjaaxǫ *bьjimъ *bьjite —

    Derived terms

    • *bivati
    • *ubiti
    • *bičь (“whip, lash”)
      • *običь
    • *bidlo
      • *bidlьce
        • *nabidlci, *nabidlьca
      • *bidlьnъ / *bidlьna
        • *nabidlьnica
      • *nabidlo
      • *nabidlъka
    • *bijakъ
    • *bijьca / *bijьcь
    • *biteljь
    • *bitva (“battle, fight”)
    • *bitъ
    • *bitati (“to manage, to handle a device”)
    • *bitъka
    • *bitьcь
    • *bitьje
    • *bitьnъ
    • *Bivojь
    • *bivьcь / *bivьca
    • *nabiti
      • *nabijati
        • *nabivati
      • *nabojь
        • *nabojina
        • *nabojьnъ
      • *nabojьka
    • *obiti
      • *obijati
        • *obijačь
        • *obijakъ
      • *obitъkъ, *obitъka
      • *obitьje
      • *obivati
      • *obojь
        • *obojьkъ, *obojьka
    • *orzbiti
      • *orzbijati
      • *orzbitina
      • *orzbitъkъ
      • *orzbitьje
      • *orzbitьnъ
      • *orzbivati
      • *orzbojь
        • *orzbojьca / *orzbojьcь
        • *orzbojьnъ
          • *orzbojьnikъ / *orzbojьnica
            • *orzbojьničь
        • *orzbojьšče
        • *orzbojьskъ
        • *orzbojьstvo
    • *otъbiti
      • *otъbijati
      • *otъbitъkъ / *otъbitъka
      • *otъbitьje
      • *otъbivati
        • *otъbivъ
          • *otъbivъka / *otъbivъkъ
        • *otъbivьnъ
      • *otъbojь
        • *otъbojina
        • *otъbojьka
        • *otъbojьnъ
          • *otъbojьnica
          • *otъbojьnikъ
    • *zabiti
      • *zabijati
    • *perbiti

    Descendants

    • East Slavic:
      • Old East Slavic: бити (biti)
      • Old Novgorodian: бити (biti)
    • South Slavic:
      • Old Church Slavonic:
        Cyrillic: бити (biti)
        Glagolitic: ⰱⰻⱅⰻ (biti)
      • Bulgarian: би́я (bíja)
      • Macedonian: бие (bie)
      • Serbo-Croatian:
        Cyrillic script: би̏ти
        Latin script: bȉti
      • Slovene: bíti (tonal orthography)
    • West Slavic:

    References

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Derksen, Rick (2008), “*bìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden; Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 41: “v. (a) ‘beat’”
    2. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001), “bijǫ -ti”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (SA 204, 212f., 246; MP 23, 27); b (PR 136)”

    Further reading

    • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “бить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1975), “*biti”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 2 (*bez – *bratrъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 99
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