Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-ьma

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

    Compare with Lithuanian -imas.

    Suffix

    *-ьma f[1]

    1. Deverbal, from the root, forming nouns.
      *kъrčiti → *kъrčьma (“tavern”)
      *kùčati (“to bend, to bow”) → *kučьma (“crest”)
      *vě̀děti (“to foresee”) → *vě̀dьma (“witch”)
      *rъvàti (“to tear”) → *rьzьma (“escarp, slope”)

    Declension

    Declension of *-ьma (hard a-stem)
    singular dual plural
    nominative *-ьma *-ьmě *-ьmy
    genitive *-ьmy *-ьmu *-ьmъ
    dative *-ьmě *-ьmama *-ьmamъ
    accusative *-ьmǫ *-ьmě *-ьmy
    instrumental *-ьmojǫ, *-ьmǫ** *-ьmama *-ьmami
    locative *-ьmě *-ьmu *-ьmasъ, *-ьmaxъ*
    vocative *-ьmo *-ьmě *-ьmy

    * -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
    ** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

    Derived terms

    Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ьma
    Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/kъrčьma
    Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vědьma

    See also

    References

    1. ^ Sławski, Franciszek, editor (1976), “*-ьma”, in Słownik prasłowiański [Proto-Slavic Dictionary] (in Polish), volume 2 (caca – davьnota), Wrocław: Ossolineum, page 16

    Further reading

    • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1987), “*kъrčьma”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 13 (*kroměžirъ – *kyžiti), Moscow: Nauka, page 211
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