Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/walēō

This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Italic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti, from *h₂welh₁- (to rule, be strong).

    Verb

    *walēō first-singular present indicative[1][2]

    1. to be strong

    Reconstruction notes

    De Vaan suggests that all of the Sabellic descendants may be loanwords from Latin.

    Conjugation

    Inflection of *walēō (second conjugation stative)
    Present *walēō
    Perfect
    Aorist
    Past participle
    Present indicative Active Passive
    1st sing. *walēō *walēōr
    2nd sing. *walēs *walēzo
    3rd sing. *walēt *walētor
    1st plur. *walēmos *walēmor
    2nd plur. *walētes *walēm(e?)n(ai?)
    3rd plur. *walēnt *walēntor
    Present subjunctive Active Passive
    1st sing. *walēām *walēār
    2nd sing. *walēās *walēāzo
    3rd sing. *walēād *walēātor
    1st plur. *walēāmos *walēāmor
    2nd plur. *walēātes *walēām(e?)n(ai?)
    3rd plur. *walēānd *walēāntor
    Perfect indicative Active
    1st sing.
    2nd sing.
    3rd sing.
    1st plur.
    2nd plur.
    3rd plur.
    Aorist indicative Active
    1st sing.
    2nd sing.
    3rd sing.
    1st plur.
    2nd plur.
    3rd plur.
    Present imperative Active Passive
    2nd sing. *walē *walēzo
    2nd plur. *walēte
    Future imperative Active
    2nd + 3rd sing. *walētōd
    Participles Present Past
    *walēnts
    Verbal nouns tu-derivative s-derivative
    *walatum *walēzi

    Descendants

    • Latin: valeō
    • >? Oscan: ϝαλε (wale)
    • >? Marrucinian: uali
    • >? Paelignian: val

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “valeō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 651
    2. ^ Benjamin W. Fortson IV (2017), “The dialectology of Italic”, in Brian Joseph, Matthias Fritz, Jared Klein, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics, De Gruyter, page 845