Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/bagáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰagás, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeh₂g-; see there for more. Cognate with Sanskrit भग (bhága, “dispenser, gracious lord, patron”).

    Noun

    *bagáh m

    1. god

    Inflection

    masculine a-stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative *bagáh *bagā́(w) *bagā́h(ah)
    vocative *bága *bágā(w) *bágāh(ah)
    accusative *bagám *bagā́(w) *bagā́nh
    instrumental *bagáH *bagáybʰyā(m) *bagā́yš
    ablative *bagā́t *bagáybʰyā(m) *bagáybʰyah
    dative *bagā́y *bagáybʰyā(m) *bagáybʰyah
    genitive *bagáhya *bagáyāh *bagā́naHam
    locative *bagáy *bagáyaw *bagáyšu

    Descendants

    • Central Iranian:
      • Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬖𐬀 (baγa), 𐬠𐬀𐬔𐬀 (baga, “share, (favourable) lot”)
    • Northeastern Iranian:
      • Sogdo-Bactrian:
        • Bactrian: βαγο (bago /⁠baɣ⁠/)
        • Khwarezmian: اڤغیک (ʾβɣyk /⁠*aβɣīk⁠/, “(lit) little idol, doll, puppet”) (> *bagakáh)
        • Sogdian: (/⁠βaɣ⁠/)
          Sogdian script: 𐼱𐼲 (βɣ)
          Manichaean script: 𐫂𐫄 (βɣ), 𐫁𐫄 (bɣ)
          Syriac script: ܒܓ (bg), ܒܮ (bɣ)
          • → Early New Persian: ڤغ (ḇaġ)
            • Persian: فغ (faġ)
      • →? Proto-Turkic: *bēg (“lord”) (see there for further descendants)
    • Northwestern Iranian:
      • Parthian: (/⁠bag (early) ~ baɣ (late)⁠/)
        Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭀𐭋𐭇 (ALḤ)
        Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫃 (bg), 𐫁𐫄 (bɣ)
        • → Old Armenian: բագ (bag, “portion”)
        • → Classical Persian: بغ (baġ, “idol; lord”)
    • Southwestern Iranian:
      • Old Persian: 𐎲𐎥 (b-g /⁠bagaʰ⁠⁠/, “god”)
        • Middle Persian: (/⁠bag (early) ~ bay (late)⁠/, “lord, (earthly) god; divine”)
          Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (ORHYA), [Book Pahlavi needed] (bk'), [Book Pahlavi needed] (bg)
          Manichaean script: 𐫁𐫏 (by)
          Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭡𐭢𐭩 (bgy), 𐭥𐭥𐭧𐭩𐭠 (ORḤYA)
          • → Ancient Greek: Βέοι (Béoi)

    References

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