Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/solh₂-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*solh₂-

whole

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *solh₂- (39 c, 0 e)

*solh₂-idʰos
- Proto-Italic: *soliðos
  - Latin: solidus (see there for further descendants)
(possibly) *solh₂o-h₃kʷs (“appearing whole”)
- Proto-Italic: *solōks
  - Latin: solox (“of raw, unwrought wool”)
*solh₂-wós
- Proto-Hellenic: *holwos
  - Ancient Greek: ὅλος (hólos), οὖλος (oûlos) — Ionic, Homeric
    - Greek: όλος (ólos)
    - → English: holo-
- Proto-Albanian: *salwa
  - Albanian: gjallë (“alive, unhurt, raw”)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sárwas (see there for further descendants)
*sl̥h₂-wós^[1]
- Proto-Italic: *salawos
  - Faliscan: salve
  - Latin: salvus (see there for further descendants)
*solh₂-wó-teh₂ts
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *sarwátaHts
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *sarwátaHts
    - Sanskrit: सर्वताति (sarvátāti)
  - Proto-Iranian: *harwátaHth
    - Avestan: 𐬵𐬀𐬎𐬭𐬎𐬎𐬀𐬙𐬁𐬝 (ha^uruuatāt̰, “wholeness”)
      - → English: Haurvatat
      - → Old Persian: *𐏃𐎢𐎽𐎺𐎫𐎠𐎫 (*h-u-ru-v-t-a-t /⁠haurvatāt⁠/)
        Middle Persian: (/⁠hōrdād ~ harwadād⁠/, “Hōrdād, Perfection, the fifth Amahraspand, guardian of water; cal. 3rd month; 6th day.”)
        Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭧𐭥𐭥𐭣𐭲 (hwrdt)
        
        Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (hwrdt')
        
        Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫅𐫀𐫅 (hrwdʾd)
        
        → Sogdian: (/⁠harūt⁠/, “Hārūt, an angel's name”)
        Manichaean script: 𐫍𐫡𐫇𐫇𐫤 (hrwwt)
        
        → Classical Persian: هاروت (“Hārūt, an angel who is hanged in the Babylon well”)
        
        Classical Persian: خورداد (xōrdād), خرداد (xordâd)
        Iranian Persian: خرداد (Xordād)
        
        Tajik: Хурдод (Xurdod)
        
        → English: Khordad
        
        → Parthian: (/⁠hōrdāt ~ xōrdāδ⁠/)
        Inscriptional Parthian script: 𐭄𐭅𐭓𐭃𐭕 (hwrdt)
        
        → Classical Persian: خورداذ (xōrdāδ)
        
        → Sogdian: (/⁠artāt⁠/, “cal. 3rd month; 6th day.”)
        Sogdian script: 𐼰𐽀𐽂𐼰𐽂 (ʾrtʾt)
        
        Manichaean script: 𐫀𐫡𐫤𐫀𐫤 (ʾrtʾt)
        
        Arabic script: اردد (/⁠*ardad⁠/) (mentioned in Albiruni's works)
    - Kurdish:
      - Northern Kurdish: herwe (“free, gratuitous”)
      - Central Kurdish: هەروەیی (herweyî, “free, free of charge, gratis”)
- Proto-Hellenic: *holwótāts
  - Ancient Greek: ὁλότης (holótēs)
*sol(h₂)-nós^[2]
- Proto-Italic: *solnos
  - Latin: sollus, sollemnis
*sl̥h₂-nós
- Proto-Celtic: *slānos
  - Old Irish: slán
    - Irish: slán
    - Manx: slane
    - Scottish Gaelic: slàn
*solh₂-uHts
- Proto-Italic: *salūts (< *solūts)
  - Latin: salūs
(possibly) *solh₂-u-yo-
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: ողջ (ołǰ)
    - Armenian: ողջ (oġǰ)

References

^ Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎^[1], Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 299
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[OHCGL-1] Weiss, Michael L. (2009), Outline of the Historical and Comparative Grammar of Latin‎^[1], Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, →ISBN, page 299

[2] De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[1]

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