Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂ew-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*h₂ew-

to enjoy
to consume

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ew- (enjoy/consume) (7 c, 0 e)

*h₂ew-eh₁-(ye)-
- Proto-Italic: *awēō
  - Latin: aveō
*h₂éwH-e-^[1]
- >? Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háwati (possibly from *h₁ewH-)
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Háwati
    - Sanskrit: अवति (avati, “to help, protect”)
- Proto-Celtic:
  - Old Irish: con·ói (“to protect”)^[1]
*h₂ēwH-os-s n
- >? Proto-Hellenic: *āwos or *ēwos (alternatively from *h₁ewH-)^[2]^[1]
  - >? Ancient Greek: *ἦος (*êos)
    - Ancient Greek: ἐν-ηής (en-ēḗs, “mild, soft, benevolent”)
*h₂ew-tu-^[1]
- Proto-Germanic: *auþuz (“easy”) (see there for further descendants)
*h₂ew-yo-m
- >? Proto-Germanic: *aują (“fortune, luck”) (or from root 2, “to perceive”)
  - Proto-Norse: ᚨᚢᛃᚨ (auja) (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

Proto-Celtic:
- Breton: youl
- Cornish: awell
- Welsh: ewyllys
Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Indo-Aryan:
  - Sanskrit: आवयत् (ā́vayat)
  - Sanskrit: अवस (avasá)
Proto-Italic:
- Latin: avārus (see there for further descendants)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*auþu-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἐνηής”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 424–425: “PGr. *ἆϝος or *ἦϝος ― PGr. *âwos or *êwos”

Root

*h₂ew- or *h₃ew-^[1]

to perceive, see, to be aware of

Alternative reconstructions

*aw-^[2]

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂ew- (perceive) (13 c, 0 e)

*h₂ṓws (“ear”)
- ⇒ *h₂ḱ-h₂ows-yéti (< *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”))
*h₂ew-ís ~ *h₂ow-ís (“manifest, apparent, evident”)^[3] (or *h₃ēw-is^[1])
- ⇒ Proto-Balto-Slavic: *avis (locatives from the noun meaning “reality”)
  - Lithuanian: ovyje (“in reality”)
  - Proto-Slavic: *avь (“obvious, apparent, real”)
    - Old Church Slavonic: авѣ (avě), ꙗвѣ (javě, “manifestly, openly”)
      - ⇒ Bulgarian: наяве (najave)
      - Polish: jawa
      - Serbo-Croatian: јава/java
- Proto-Germanic: *awiz (“obvious”)
  - Proto-West Germanic: *awi
    - ⇒ Old English: ēawis (< *awi-wissa-)
    - ⇒ Old High German: awizoraht (< *awi-turhta-)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hāwíš
  - Proto-Indo-Aryan: *Hāwíṣ
    - Sanskrit: आविस् (āvís)
  - Proto-Iranian: *Hāwíš
    - Avestan: 𐬁𐬬𐬍𐬱 (āvīš), 𐬁𐬎𐬎𐬌𐬱 (āuuiš)
- ⇒ *h₂ewis-dʰh₁-
  - Proto-Hellenic: *awistʰomai
    - Ancient Greek: αἴσθομαι (aísthomai), αἰσθάνομαι (aisthánomai)
  - Proto-Italic: *awizdjō
    - Latin: audiō (see there for further descendants)
*h₂ew-m-
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *aum-
  - Lithuanian: aumuõ m (“mind”)
  - Proto-Slavic: *ũmъ m (“mind”) (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

Anatolian:
- Hittite: 𒌋𒀪𒄭 (u-uḫ-ḫi)
Proto-Balto-Slavic:
- Lithuanian: ovytis (“to appear”)
- Proto-Slavic: *aviti (see there for further descendants)
  - Old Church Slavonic: авити (aviti), ꙗвити (javiti)
  - Slovak: javiť
  - Serbo-Croatian: јавити/javiti
Proto-Celtic: *awyeti
- Old Irish: con·ói
Proto-Hellenic: *awiyō
- Ancient Greek: ἀΐω (aḯō)

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006), “*h₃eu-”, in The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, pages 325–327
^ Dunkel, George E. (2014), Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, page 109
^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*awiz”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 45

Proto-Indo-European

Root

Derived terms

References

Root

Alternative reconstructions

Derived terms

References

Further reading