Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰowdʰéyeti
Proto-Indo-European
Etymology
From *bʰewdʰ- (“aware, alert”) + *-éyeti (causative verbal suffix).
Verb
*bʰowdʰéyeti (imperfective)[1][2][3]
Inflection
| Imperfective, thematic | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3rd singular | *bʰowdʰéyeti | ||||
| 3rd plural | *bʰowdʰéyonti | ||||
| Active voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *bʰowdʰéyoh₂ | *bʰowdʰéyom | — | *bʰowdʰéyōh₂ | *bʰowdʰéyoyh₁m̥ |
| 2nd singular | *bʰowdʰéyesi | *bʰowdʰéyes | *bʰowdʰéye | *bʰowdʰéyēsi | *bʰowdʰéyoys |
| 3rd singular | *bʰowdʰéyeti | *bʰowdʰéyet | *bʰowdʰéyetu | *bʰowdʰéyēti | *bʰowdʰéyoyt |
| 1st dual | *bʰowdʰéyowos | *bʰowdʰéyowe | — | *bʰowdʰéyōwos | *bʰowdʰéyoywe |
| 2nd dual | *bʰowdʰéyetes | *bʰowdʰéyetom | *bʰowdʰéyetom | *bʰowdʰéyētes | *bʰowdʰéyoytom |
| 3rd dual | *bʰowdʰéyetes | *bʰowdʰéyetām | *bʰowdʰéyetām | *bʰowdʰéyētes | *bʰowdʰéyoytām |
| 1st plural | *bʰowdʰéyomos | *bʰowdʰéyome | — | *bʰowdʰéyōmos | *bʰowdʰéyoyme |
| 2nd plural | *bʰowdʰéyete | *bʰowdʰéyete | *bʰowdʰéyete | *bʰowdʰéyēte | *bʰowdʰéyoyte |
| 3rd plural | *bʰowdʰéyonti | *bʰowdʰéyont | *bʰowdʰéyontu | *bʰowdʰéyōnti | *bʰowdʰéyoyh₁n̥t |
| Participle | *bʰowdʰéyonts | ||||
| Middle voice | Present indicative | Past indicative | Imperative | Subjunctive | Optative |
| 1st singular | *bʰowdʰéyoh₂er | *bʰowdʰéyoh₂e | — | *bʰowdʰéyōh₂er | *bʰowdʰéyoyh₂e |
| 2nd singular | *bʰowdʰéyeth₂er | *bʰowdʰéyeth₂e | *bʰowdʰéyeso | *bʰowdʰéyēth₂er | *bʰowdʰéyoyth₂e |
| 3rd singular | *bʰowdʰéyetor | *bʰowdʰéyeto | *? | *bʰowdʰéyētor | *bʰowdʰéyoyto, *bʰowdʰéyoyh₁o |
| 1st dual | *bʰowdʰéyowosdʰh₂ | *bʰowdʰéyowedʰh₂ | — | *bʰowdʰéyōwosdʰh₂ | *bʰowdʰéyoywedʰh₂ |
| 2nd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 3rd dual | *? | *? | *? | *? | *? |
| 1st plural | *bʰowdʰéyomosdʰh₂ | *bʰowdʰéyomedʰh₂ | — | *bʰowdʰéyōmosdʰh₂ | *bʰowdʰéyoymedʰh₂ |
| 2nd plural | *bʰowdʰéyedʰh₂we | *bʰowdʰéyedʰh₂we | *bʰowdʰéyedʰh₂we | *bʰowdʰéyēdʰh₂we | *bʰowdʰéyoydʰh₂we |
| 3rd plural | *bʰowdʰéyontor | *bʰowdʰéyonto | *? | *bʰowdʰéyōntor | *bʰowdʰéyoyro |
| Participle | *bʰowdʰéyomnos | ||||
Descendants
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *báudīˀtei (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *bʰawdʰáyati
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bawdʰáyati
- Sanskrit: बोधयति (bodháyati)
- Proto-Iranian: *bawdáyati
- Avestan: 𐬠𐬀𐬊𐬛𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬈𐬌𐬙𐬌 (baodaiieiti)
- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *bawdʰáyati
References
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), “*bheudh-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 150-152
- ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*bʰeu̯dʰ-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, pages 82-83
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015), “baudyti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 83