Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/(s)meld-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

    Often compared to *melh₂- (“to crush, grind”).

    Root

    *(s)meld-[1]

    1. to soften, melt

    Alternative reconstructions

    Derived terms

    Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *(s)meld- (14 c, 0 e)
    • *(s)méld-e-ti (thematic root present)
    • *(s)mold-éye-ti (causative)
      • Proto-Germanic: *maltijaną (“to cause to melt or dissolve”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *ml̥d-ú-s (“soft, weak”)
    • *mold-o-s[3][5]
      • Proto-Germanic: *maltaz[6]
        • Proto-West Germanic:
          • Old English: mealt
          • Old Frisian: malt (“bad, spoiled”)
          • Old High German: malz (“gentle, soft, mild”)
            • Middle High German: malz
        • Old Norse: *maltr[7]
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *maldás (see there for further descendants)
    • *(s)mold-o-m, *(s)ml̥d-o-m
      • Proto-Germanic: *smultą (“molten fat, lard”) (see there for further descendants)
    • *(s)ml̥d-o-s
      • Proto-Germanic: *smultaz (“weak, gentle; tranquil”) (see there for further descendants)
    Unsorted formations
    • Proto-Germanic: *meltǭ, *miltiją (“spleen”) (see there for further descendants)

    References

    1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 716-717
    2. ^ Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 431
    3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 482-5
    4. ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “μέλδομαι”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 924
    5. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*malta-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 351
    6. ^ Vladimir Orel (2003), A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 258
    7. ^ Jan de Vries (1977) [1957–1960], “malt”, in Altnordisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Old Norse Etymological Dictionary] (in German), 3rd edition, Leiden: E[vert] J[an] Brill, →OCLC, page 377: “nicht überliefertes maltr”
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