Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Aryan/gʰarH-

This Proto-Indo-Aryan entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-Aryan

Etymology

Unknown.

Burrow suggests a relation to Proto-Iranian *gart-, *gar- (“to turn”); compare the semantics of Sanskrit घाटा (ghāṭā, “neck”) and Classical Persian (gardan, “neck”).^[1]

Root

*gʰarH- or *gʰraH-^[2]

to turn, revolve, whirl^[3]

Derived terms

*gʰŕ̥H-a-ti (present)
- Proto-Middle Indo-Aryan: *𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀢𑀺 (*ghirati), *𑀖𑀼𑀭𑀢𑀺 (*ghurati) (see there for further descendants)
- Prakrit: 𑀖𑀼𑀮𑀇 (ghulaï, “to turn”)^[4]
- ⇒ Sanskrit: घोलयति (gholayati, “to mix”)^[5]
*gʰārH-áya-ti (causative)^[6]
- Proto-New Indo-Aryan: *𑀖𑀸𑀭𑁂𑀇 (*ghārei) (see there for further descendants)
*gʰr̥H-nás
- Sanskrit: घू॒र्ण (ghūrṇá)
  - ⇒ Sanskrit: घूर्णति (ghūrṇati) (see there for further descendants)
*gʰr̥H-más
- ⇒ Prakrit: 𑀖𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀇 (ghummaï), 𑀖𑀼𑀫𑀇 (ghumaï) (see there for further descendants)
*gʰl̥H-tás? (l-dialect)^[1]
- >? Sanskrit: घुट (ghuṭa, “ankle”) (see there for further descendants)
Unsorted formations:
- >? Sanskrit: घाटा (ghāṭā, “neck”) (see there for further descendants)^[1]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Burrow, Thomas (1972), “A Reconsideration of Fortunatov's Law”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London‎^[1], volume 35, number 3, page 540 of 531–545
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “GHŪRṆ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 515
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghūr-”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 243: “*ghūr- 'revolve': *ghārayati², *ghumati, *ghummati, *ghurati², ghū́rṇati, ghōla-¹, ghōlayati; praghūrṇa-, praghōlayati.”
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghurati²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 243
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ghōlayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 245
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghārayati²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 241

[burrow-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 Burrow, Thomas (1972), “A Reconsideration of Fortunatov's Law”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London‎^[1], volume 35, number 3, page 540 of 531–545

[2] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “GHŪRṆ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[2] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 515

[3] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghūr-”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 243: “*ghūr- 'revolve': *ghārayati², *ghumati, *ghummati, *ghurati², ghū́rṇati, ghōla-¹, ghōlayati; praghūrṇa-, praghōlayati.”

[4] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghurati²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 243

[5] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “ghōlayati”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 245

[6] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghārayati²”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 241

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