Reconstruction:Ashokan Prakrit/𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀢𑀺

This Ashokan Prakrit entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Ashokan Prakrit

Alternative forms

*𑀖𑀼𑀭𑀢𑀺 (*ghurati)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰarH-

Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰŕ̥Hati?

Ashokan Prakrit *𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀢𑀺

Inherited from Proto-Indo-Aryan *gʰr̥Hati, from the root *gʰarH-, with further etymology unknown. Related to the following terms: Ashokan Prakrit *𑀖𑀼𑀭𑀢𑀺 (*ghurati), *𑀖𑀼𑀫𑁆𑀫𑀇 (*ghummaï), Sanskrit घू॒र्णति॑ (ghūrṇáti, “to move to and fro”), घोलयति (gholayati, “to mix”). These alternations lead Mayrhofer to reconstruct the above Proto-Indo-Aryan form, which is a seṭ-root.^[1]

An abandoned proposal per Bloch and later Burrow: perhaps borrowed from Dravidian; compare Telugu గిరి (giri, “circle”).^[2]

Verb

*𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀢𑀺 (*ghirati)^[3] (Proto-Middle Indo-Aryan)

to turn, go round

Descendants

Dardic:

Shinaic:
- Palula: gíra, gíre (Biori)

Prakrit: *𑀖𑀺𑀭𑀇 (*ghiraï)

Central Indo-Aryan:
- Hindustani:
  - Hindi: घिरना (ghirnā)
Eastern Indo-Aryan:
- Bengali-Assamese:
  - Bengali: ঘিরা (ghira)
- Bihari:
  - Bhojpuri: घिरल (ghiral)
Insular Indo-Aryan:
- Dhivehi: ގިރަނީ (giranī)
Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
- Punjabi: ਘਿਰਨਾ (ghirnā)
- Sindhi: گِهرَڻُ / घिरणु (ghiraṇu)

References

^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “GHŪRṆ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 515
^ Jules Bloch (1930), “Some Problems of Indo-Aryan Philology (Forlong Lectures for 1929)”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, London Institution‎^[2], volume 5, number 4, London, page 742 of 719–756
^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghir”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 242

[1] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992), “GHŪRṆ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume I, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 515

[2] Jules Bloch (1930), “Some Problems of Indo-Aryan Philology (Forlong Lectures for 1929)”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental Studies, London Institution‎^[2], volume 5, number 4, London, page 742 of 719–756

[3] Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “*ghir”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 242

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