Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/swarjaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

    From Proto-Indo-European *swer- (“to resound loudly, swear”).[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈswɑr.jɑ.nɑ̃/

    Verb

    *swarjaną

    1. to swear (an oath)

    Inflection

    Conjugation of *swarjaną (strong class 6 j-present)
    active voice passive voice
    present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
    1st singular *swarjō *swarjaų — *swarjai ?
    2nd singular *swarisi *swarjais *swari *swarjasai *swarjaisau
    3rd singular *swariþi *swarjai *swarjaþau *swarjaþai *swarjaiþau
    1st dual *swarjōs *swarjaiw — — —
    2nd dual *swarjaþiz *swarjaiþiz *swarjaþiz — —
    1st plural *swarjamaz *swarjaim — *swarjanþai *swarjainþau
    2nd plural *swariþ *swarjaiþ *swariþ *swarjanþai *swarjainþau
    3rd plural *swarjanþi *swarjain *swarjanþau *swarjanþai *swarjainþau
    past tense indicative subjunctive
    1st singular *swōr *swōrį̄
    2nd singular *swōrt *swōrīz
    3rd singular *swōr *swōrī
    1st dual *swōrū *swōrīw
    2nd dual *swōrudiz *swōrīdiz
    1st plural *swōrum *swōrīm
    2nd plural *swōrud *swōrīd
    3rd plural *swōrun *swōrīn
    present past
    participles *swarjandz *swuranaz

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    References

    1. ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013), “*swar(j)an-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 496
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